Testing for the Interconnection Channel
with Bertrand Candelon - submitted
Abstract: When modeling the dynamics of a large cross section of interdependent variables, the employment of small scale Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models augmented by few factors is the typical solution to avoid the proliferation of parameters in large heterogeneous VARs. The factors' are typically extracted as a linear combination of the variables under analysis. Their loadings/weights can be estimated or derived from economic literature, and are usually interpreted as interconnection channels. We propose a novel Likelihood Ratio Test procedure to empirically evaluate the chosen set of weights, and show that testing is fundamental for valid inferences. We exploit the intuition that, if the factors employed are empirically valid, no residual information from the cross section remains statistically significant. The proposed test is intuitive, easy to implement, and presents very good finite sample properties. In the empirical exercise, we test several interconnection channels for the sovereign bond market in the euro area.
Presentations: 12th International Workshop of Methods in International Finance Network (MIFN), 19th EconomiX-CNRS and Université de Paris Nanterre Econometrics day, 14th Financial Risks International Forum, the 7th RCEA Time Series Workshop, 8th Annual Conference of the International Association for Applied Econometrics (IAAE), 17th Belgian Financial Research Forum, the 27th Annual International Conference on Macroeconomic Analysis and International Finance (ICMAIF), 40th European Economic Association Congress (EEA), 5th Sailing the Macro Workshop.
Modeling Interdependent Assets: A Global Perspective
Abstract: Existing literature acknowledges two key characteristics of asset returns' dynamics: they are interconnected and drifting. We propose modeling these features jointly using a Global Error Correction Model and demonstrate that this novel methodology systematically improves the fit of buy-and-hold strategies across asset classes. We establish the equivalence between Generalized Impulse Response Functions and the conditional sensitivity of asset returns to unexpected global financial market fluctuations—analogous to the \textit{beta} in the CAPM framework. Notably, portfolios with low exposure to systemic market shocks (i.e., low beta) outperform traditional strategies aimed at reducing market risk, such as minimum variance or diversified bond portfolios, particularly over annual holding periods.
Presentations: 2024 International Conference in Finance, Accounting, and Banking, 41st International Conference of the French Finance Association (AFFI), the 29th Annual International Conference on Macroeconomic Analysis and International Finance (ICMAIF), 2025 Annual Conferences of the International Association for Applied Econometrics (IAAE).
Robust Bond Risk Premia: Sparse Macroeconomic Information Matters
with Francesco Roccazzella and Jonas Striaukas
Abstract: There is no consensus on whether macroeconomic information significantly improves the prediction of bond risk premia. Existing studies have only examined a limited set of macroeconomic factors, despite the inherently high-dimensional nature of macroeconomic information. We instead propose to test the full set of available macroeconomic variables, assessing the significance of the sparse component in high-dimensional factor-augmented predictive regressions. Three key findings emerge. First, sparse macroeconomic information does matter for bond risk premia prediction. Second, significance emerges consistently from labour market outcomes. Third, the inclusion of labour market variables improves both in- and out-of-sample predictions of bonds excess returns.
with Walter Distaso, Wolfgang Lefever, and Francesco Roccazzella - submitted
Ghent University, Department of Economics Working Paper No. 25/1129
Abstract: Research on natural disasters and credit risk mainly focuses on default probabilities. However, post-default outcomes remain largely unexplored, making the overall impact on credit losses unclear. We address this gap by providing novel empirical evidence on the impact of wildfires on credit losses through the loss given default channel. Exploiting the richness of a proprietary database on defaulted consumer credits in Italy, we determine granular wildfires exposures using satellite-based geospatial data on burned areas. We document a robust negative relationship between wildfire exposure during the post-default recovery period and realized recovery rates. This identifies a loss given default mechanism that complements existing evidence on default risk. The effect is heterogeneous: it is stronger when a larger share of agricultural land is burned and, consistent with evidence that natural disasters affect financially fragile households more severely, further amplified by local socioeconomic vulnerability. These findings call for integrating climate considerations into credit risk management beyond default risk.
Presentations: the Credit Scoring and Credit Control Conference XIX, 30th Annual Conference of the European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, 8th EFiC Conference in Banking and Corporate Finance, 3rd Conference on Sustainable Banking and Finance.
with with Francesco Roccazzella and Athanasios Triantafyllou - R&R The Journal of Futures Markets
Abstract: We examine the time-varying nature of the comovement of the slope of the futures curve in major agricultural, metals and energy commodity futures markets in a Global Vector Autoregressive model. We find significant comovement between the slopes, indicating the co-existence of backwardation and contango in many seemingly unrelated commodity futures markets. The degree of comovement in commodity futures curves intensifies during periods of financial and macroeconomic turmoil and increased geopolitical risk. In contrast, our analysis shows that the gold futures market becomes more backwardated (contangoed) when the rest of the commodity futures markets become more contangoed (backwardated).
Fragmentation in the European Monetary Union: Is it really over?
with Bertrand Candelon and Francesco Roccazzella
Journal of International Money and Finance, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2021.102545
Abstract: Sovereign bond market fragmentation represents one of the major challenges European authorities have had to tackle since the outburst of the euro area debt crisis in 2010. By investigating the inter-country shock transmission through a new methodology that reconciles Factor and Global Vector Autoregressive models, we first show that fragmentation risk well preceded the sovereign debt crisis outburst. Most importantly, by analyzing the recent period, we document a rise in fragmentation risk in the euro area during the COVID pandemic. This rise, connected to the pressure on public debts and deficits due to the pandemic period, questions the European integration process and calls for early measures to avoid a new sovereign debt crisis.
European Commission, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs
Section: Other non-EU countries
"Credit Rating Dynamics: Evidence from a natural experiment" by Abidi, N., Falagiarda, M., and Miquel-Flores, I. @ Belgian Financial Research Forum 2018 (National Bank of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium)
"Deposit Insurance and Bank Risk Taking" by Lòpez-Quiles, C., and Petricek, M. @ European Doctoral Program Jamboree 2018 (European University Institute, Florence, Italy)
"The Global Information Effect: Central Bank Information, International Spillovers, and Flight to Quality" by Pinchetti, M., and Szczepaniak, A. @ EconomiX-CNRS Université Paris Nanterre 19th Econometrics Day (Paris, France)
"An investigation of Higher Order Moments of Empirical Financial Data series " by De Clerk, L., and Savel'ev, S. @ 5th International Workshop on Financial Markets and Nonlinear Dynamics (Paris, France)
"Do monetary policy shocks affect financial uncertainty? " by Crucil, R., Hambuckers, J., and Maxand, S. @ 17th Belgian Financial Research Forum (National Bank of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium)
"Measuring and Comparing Consumption Inequality in France and the United States" by Accardo, A., Herbert, S., Jude, C., and Penalver, A. @ 27th Annual International Conference on Macroeconomic Analysis and International Finance (University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece)
"Temperature Forecasts and Shocks to Energy Prices" by Franconi, A., Lucidi, F.S., and Pisa, M.M. @ FEB Research Day (Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium)
"Got the X-Factor? A Simple Estimate for TIPS Liquidity Risk" by Stechert, M. @ 29th Annual International Conference on Macroeconomic Analysis and International Finance (University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece)