Research

Gait Cycle Analysis of Parkinson's Disease Patients

The bio-metric method which is involved with defining the pattern of movement of human limbs is called Gait. Though gait has a fixed rhythmic pattern, in case of people who are affected with neurological disease such as- Parkinson's disease (PD) the gait pattern gets distorted from normal gait pattern. Parkinson’s disease is a neurological disease which prevails in a patient for the long term. Losing control over the gait cycle is a common phenomenon which leads to a deviation in the gait cycle of the patient. The variation of the gait cycle can be explained in two approaches: temporal variation and spatial variation. The spatial variations are mostly determined by two parameters, named – Step Length and Stride Length. This work analyzes the step lengths and stride lengths of the patients without the help of any external influence and compares the results against the healthy subjects. From the study, it ends up clear that on account of a Parkinson disease, step lengths and stride lengths both are shorter than healthy individuals and a quantitative connection between these parameters are determined here. On the contrary, the temporal variations are classified into three parameters, such as – Single Limb Support Time, Double Limb Support Time and Speed. From the examination and investigation, it is apparent that the temporal factors of the gait cycle of PD patients are sufficiently changed in regard to the controlled subjects, all the more explicitly PD patients invest more energy in the two limbs than a single limb of a gait cycle which is absolutely in switch of the controlled subject and the speed of PD patients are also smaller than controlled subjects. Finally, a mathematical framework is developed and the generated equations are analyzed to determine the different parameters of the signal like amplitude, frequency and period to indicate a clear image of the severity of this disease in patients. All these modifications might provide the requisite tools to establish a predictive model in future to predict and fight against Parkinson’s disease from the earliest stage.

Parkinson's disease generally occurs in elderly people

Temporal variables of Gait Cycle

Spatial variables of Gait Cycle

Design of a Formalin Detector

Eating healthy is the key to a healthy life. But nowadays, it is getting increasingly difficult to decide which food is healthy and which is not. Our foods are so frequently adulterated by harmful preservatives like formalin that they have become potential dangers to our health. Formalin, which is a widely used food preservative in countries like Bangladesh, leaves a long term effect on both the human body and the ecosystem. Hence, it is very important to make formalin detection methods available to the mass so that they can be warned beforehand. Few techniques for formalin detection have already been developed. But they still have very limited uses because either the detection method is too complicated for general understanding or the device used for detection is not cost-effective. In this case– a smart, reliable and economical technique to detect the presence of formalin in food products has been proposed. Using the conductivity property of formalin a detection method has been developed which provides high accuracy result. Moreover, the detector has been successfully tested with formalin solution of different concentrations. Besides, it is very cheap compared to the existing formalin detection devices in Bangladesh.

Formalin is mixed with food for preservation and it should be banned

Implemented Formalin Detector Circuit

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