Publications

Published Papers As a Principal / Corresponding author

Co-Author Publications

Accepted and Under Review

Published Papers As a Principal / Corresponding author

Anas Bilal, Muhammad Shafiq, Waeal J. Obidallah, Yousef A. Alduraywish, and Haixia Long. "Quantum computational infusion in extreme learning machines for early multi-cancer detection." Journal of Big Data 12, no. 1 (2025): 1-48. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-024-01050-0 (SCI, 8.6 IF, Q1)
Zhou, Jinyang, Kun Zhang,Anas Bilal*, Yu Zhou, Yukang Fan, Wenting Pan, Xin Xie, and Qi Peng. "An integrated CSPPC and BiLSTM framework for malicious URL detection." Scientific Reports 15, no. 1 (2025): 6659. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91148-z (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal, Ali Alkhathlan, Faris A. Kateb, Alishba Tahir, Muhammad Shafiq, and Haixia Long. "A quantum-optimized approach for breast cancer detection using SqueezeNet-SVM." Scientific Reports 15, no. 1 (2025): 3254. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86671-y (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal, Fawaz Khaled Alarfaj, Rafaqat Alam Khan, Muhammad Taseer Suleman, and Haixia Long. "m5c-iEnsem: 5-methylcytosine sites identification through ensemble models." Bioinformatics 41, no. 1 (2024): https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btae722 (SCI, 4.4 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal, Ali Haider Khan, Khalid Almohammadi, Sami A. Al Ghamdi, Haixia Long, and Hassaan Malik. "PDCNET: Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Classification of Periodontal Disease using Dental Radiographs." IEEE Access (2024). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3472012 (SCI, 3.4 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal, Abdulkareem Alzahrani, Abdullah Almuhaimeed, Ali Haider Khan, Zohaib Ahmad, and Haixia Long. "Advanced CKD detection through optimized metaheuristic modeling in healthcare informatics," Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (2024): 12601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-63292-5 (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal, Azhar Imran, Talha Imtiaz Baig, Xiaowen Liu, Emad Abouel Nasr, and Haixia Long. "Breast cancer diagnosis using support vector machine optimized by improved quantum-inspired grey wolf optimization," Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (2024): 10714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-61322-w (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal, Azhar Imran, Xiaowen Liu, Xiling Liu, Zohaib Ahmad, Muhammad Shafiq, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny, and Haixia Long. "BC-QNet: A quantum-infused ELM model for breast cancer diagnosis." Computers in Biology and Medicine 175 (2024): 108483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108483 (SCI, 7.7 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal, Liu X, Shafiq M, Ahmed Z, Long H. NIMEQ-SACNet: A novel self-attention precision medicine model for vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy using image data. Computers in Biology and Medicine. 2024 Feb 11:108099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108099 (SCI, 7.7 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal, Imran A, Baig TI, Liu X, Long H, Alzahrani A, Shafiq M. Improved Support Vector Machine based on CNN-SVD for vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy detection and classification. Plos one. 2024 Jan 2;19(1):e0295951. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295951 (SCI, 3.3 IF, Q1)
Abdul Qadir Khan, Guangmin Sun, Majdi Khalid, Majed Farrash, Anas Bilal* .Multi-Deep Learning Approach With Transfer Learning for 7-Stages Diabetic Retinopathy Classification. International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology (2024) .https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.23213 (SCI, 3.0 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal, Azhar Imran, Talha Imtiaz Baig, Xiowen Liu, Haixia Long, Abdulkareem Alzahrani and Muhammad Shafiq .DeepSVDNet: A Deep Learning-based Approach for Detecting and Classifying Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Images. Computer Systems Science and Engineering (2023). https://doi.org/10.32604/csse.2023.039672 (EI)
Anas Bilal, Xiaowen Liu, Talha Imtiaz Baig, Haixia Long, and Muhammad Shafiq. EdgeSVDNet: 5G-Enabled Detection and Classification of Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Images. Electronics 12, no. 19 (2023): 4094. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12194094 (SCI, 2.9 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal Diabetic retinopathy detection using AI' (Healthcare Technologies, 2023), 'Machine Learning in Medical Imaging and Computer Vision', Chap. 5, pp. 117-129, https://doi.org/10.1049/PBHE049E_ch5 (EI)
Li, G., Anas Bilal*, Ibrar, M., Karim, S., Long, H. (2024). DeepScan: Revolutionizing Garbage Detection and Classification with Deep Learning. In: Kountchev, R., Patnaik, S., Nakamatsu, K., Kountcheva, R. (eds) Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Communication Technologies (ICAICT 2023). ICAICT 2023. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 368. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6641-7_15 (EI)
Khan, A.Q., Sun, G., Anas Bilal*., Wang, J. Deep Learning Unveiled: Investigating Retina Eye Segmentation for Glaucoma Diagnosis. In: Kountchev, R., Patnaik, S., Nakamatsu, K., Kountcheva, R. (eds) Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Communication Technologies (ICAICT 2023). ICAICT 2023. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 368. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6641-7_28 (EI)
Anas Bilal*, Xiaowen Liu, Haixia long ,Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Waqar. Increasing Crop Quality and Yield with a Machine Learning-Based Crop Monitoring System. CMC- Computers, Materials & Continua.2023, 76(2):2401-2426. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.037857 (SCI, 3.41 IF, Q2)
Liu T, Li Z, Long H, Anas Bilal*. Nt-gnn: Network traffic graph for 5g mobile iot android malware detection. Electronics. 2023 Feb 4;12(4):789. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040789 (SCI, 2.9 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal, Shafiq M, Fang F, Waqar M, Ullah I, Ghadi YY, Long H, Zeng R. IGWO-IVNet3: DL-Based Automatic Diagnosis of Lung Nodules Using an Improved Gray Wolf Optimization and InceptionNet-V3. Sensors. 2022 Dec 7;22(24):9603. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249603 (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal, Zhu L, Deng A, Lu H, Wu N. AI-Based Automatic Detection and Classification of Diabetic Retinopathy Using U-Net and Deep Learning. Symmetry. 2022 Jul 12;14(7):1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14071427 (SCI, 2.9 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Mazhar S, Imran A, Latif J. A Transfer Learning and U-Net-based automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy from fundus images. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization. 2022 Nov 2;10(6):663-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2021.2021111 (EI)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Mazhar S, Imran A. Improved Grey Wolf Optimization-Based Feature Selection and Classification Using CNN for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection. In Evolutionary Computing and Mobile Sustainable Networks: Proceedings of ICECMSN , Mar 2022 (pp. 1-14). Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9605-3_1 (EI)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Li Y, Mazhar S, Latif J. Lung nodules detection using grey wolf optimization by weighted filters and classification using CNN. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers. 2022 Feb 17;45(2):175-86. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2021.2012525 (SCI, 1.2 IF, Q3)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Mazhar S, Junjie Z. Neuro-optimized numerical treatment of HIV infection model. International Journal of Biomathematics. 2021 Jul 5;14(05):2150033. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793524521500339 (SCI, 2.4 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Mazhar S. Finger-vein recognition using a novel enhancement method with a convolutional neural network. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers. 2021 Jul 4;44(5):407-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2021.1919561 (SCI, 1.2 IF, Q3)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Mazhar S. Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Weighted Filters and Classification Using CNN. In 2021 International Conference on Intelligent Technologies (CONIT) 2021 Jun 25 (pp. 1-6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CONIT51480.2021.9498466 (EI)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Mazhar S. Survey on recent developments in automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy. Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie. 2021 Mar 1;44(3):420-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2020.08.009 (SCI, 1.2 IF, Q3)
Anas Bilal, Sun G, Li Y, Mazhar S, Khan AQ. Diabetic retinopathy detection and classification using mixed models for a disease grading database. IEEE Access. 2021 Feb 1;9:23544-53. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3056186 (SCI, 3.4 IF, Q2)
Anas Bilal, Sun G. Neuro-optimized numerical solution of non-linear problem based on Flierl–Petviashivili equation. S.N. Applied Sciences. 2020 Jul;2:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2963-1 (EI)
Anas Bilal, and Guangmin Sun. "Automatic link establishment for H.F. radios." In 2017 8th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), pp. 640-643. IEEE,2017.https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSESS.2017.8342996 (EI)
Anas Bilal,Riaz M, Wani MY. Mobile-to-mobile Gaussian scattering channel model. Science International. 2016 Jul 1;28(4):3487-91.(EI)

Co-Author Publications

Ahmed, Asaad, Guangmin Sun, Anas Bilal, Yu Li, and Shouki A. Ebad. "Precision and efficiency in skin cancer segmentation through a dual encoder deep learning model." Scientific Reports 15, no. 1 (2025): 4815. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88753-3 (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Ain, Noor Ul, Muhammad Waqar, Anas Bilal, Ajung Kim, Haider Ali, Umair Ullah Tariq, and Muhammad Shahroz Nadeem. "A Novel Approach Based on Quantum Key Distribution Using BB84 and E91 Protocol for Resilient Encryption and Eavesdropper Detection." IEEE Access (2025). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3539178 (SCI, 3.4 IF, Q2)
Sun, Si-Lin, Yue-Yi Jiang, Jun-Ping Yang, Yu-Han Xiu, Anas Bilal, and Hai-Xia Long. "Predicting noncoding RNA and disease associations using multigraph contrastive learning." Scientific Reports 15, no. 1 (2025): 230. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81862-5 (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Sajid, Muhammad, Ali Haider Khan, Tauqeer Safdar Malik, Anas Bilal, Zohaib Ahmad, and Raheem Sarwar. "Enhancing Melanoma Diagnostic: Harnessing the Synergy of AI and CNNs for Groundbreaking Advances in Early Melanoma Detection and Treatment Strategies." International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology 35, no. 1 (2025): e70016. https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.70016 (SCI, 3.1 IF, Q2)
Karim, Shahid, Muhammad Ibrar, Anas Bilal, Akeel Qadir, and Irfana Bibi. "Optimized Flame Detection Using a YOLOv5 Neural Network." In 2024 International Conference on Computing, Robotics and System Sciences (ICRSS), pp. 218-222. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRSS65752.2024.00045 (EI)
Khan, Abdul Qadir, Guangmin Sun, Majdi Khalid, Majed Farrash, and Anas Bilal. "Multi‐Deep Learning Approach With Transfer Learning for 7‐Stages Diabetic Retinopathy Classification." International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology 34, no. 6 (2024): e23213. https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.23213 (SCI, 3.1 IF, Q2)
Yu, Xia, Cui Yani, Zhichao Wang, Haixia Long, Rao Zeng, Xiling Liu, Anas Bilal, and Jia Ren. "iDNA-ITLM: An interpretable and transferable learning model for identifying DNA methylation." PloS one 19, no. 10 (2024): e0301791. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301791 (SCI, 3.3 IF, Q1)
Kanwal, Shamsa, Saba Inam, Asghar Ali Shah, Halima Iqbal, Anas Bilal, Muhammad Usman Hashmi, and Raheem Sarwar. "A robust approach to satellite image encryption using chaotic map and circulant matrices." Engineering Reports (2024): e13010. https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13010 (ESCI)
Hashmi, Muhammad Usman, Azhar Imran, Anas Bilal, Mubariz Garayev, Hanaa Fathi, and Sahraoui Dhelim. "Resource-Limited Skew Estimation and Correction (RLSEC) for Edge Devices in Delay Non-tolerant Networks." IEEE Access (2024). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3469581 (SCI, 3.4 IF, Q2)
Sun, Si-Lin, Bing-Wei Zhou, Sheng-Zheng Liu, Yu-Han Xiu, Anas Bilal, and Hai-Xia Long. "Prediction of miRNAs and diseases association based on sparse autoencoder and MLP." Frontiers in Genetics 15 (2024): 1369811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2024.1369811 (SCI, 2.8 IF, Q2)
Khan, Abdul Qadir, Guangmin Sun, Majdi Khalid, Azhar Imran, Anas Bilal, Muhammad Azam, and Raheem Sarwar. "A novel fusion of genetic grey wolf optimization and kernel extreme learning machines for precise diabetic eye disease classification." Plos one 19, no. 5 (2024): e0303094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303094 (SCI, 3.3 IF, Q1)
Yu, Xia, Jia Ren, Haixia Long, Rao Zeng, Guoqiang Zhang, Anas Bilal, and Yani Cui. "iDNA-OpenPrompt: OpenPrompt learning model for identifying DNA methylation." Frontiers in Genetics 15 (2024): 1377285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2024.1377285 (SCI, 2.8 IF, Q2)
Xiang Feng, Yu-Han Xiu, Hai-Xia Long, Zi-Tong Wang, Anas Bilal, Li-Ming Yang, Advancing single-cell RNA-seq data analysis through the fusion of multi-layer perceptron and graph neural network, Briefings in Bioinformatics, Volume 25, Issue 1, January 2024, bbad481 https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbad481 (SCI, 9.8 IF, Q1)
Jahanzaib Latif, Shanshan Tu, Chuangbai Xiao, Anas Bilal, Sadaqat Ur Rehman, Zohaib Ahmad. "Enhanced Nature Inspired-Support Vector Machine for Glaucoma Detection"Computers, Materials & Continua 2023, 76(1), 1151-1172. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.040152 (SCI, 2.9 IF, Q2)
Wang Xiaoxue, Hongqi Zhang, Anas Bilal, Haixia Long, and Xiaowen Liu. 2023. "WGM-dSAGA: Federated Learning Strategies with Byzantine Robustness Based on Weighted Geometric Median" Electronics 12, no. 5: 1190. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12051190 (SCI, 2.9 IF, Q2)
Sarah Mazhar, Guangmin Sun, Anas Bilal, Bilal Hasan, Yu Li, Junjie Zhang, Yinyi Lin, Ali Khan, Ramsha Ahmed, and Taimur Hassan “AUnet: A deep learning framework for surface water channel mapping and extraction using VHR remote sensing images and sparse scribble annotations from OSM data” Remote Sensing (2022) (SCI, 5.3 IF, Q1)
Sarah Mazhar , Guangmin Sun, Anas Bilal , Yu Li , Muhammad Farhan , and Hamid Hussain Awan.”Digital and Geographical Feature Detection by Machine Learning Techniques Using Google Earth Engine for CPEC Traffic Management” Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing,Volume 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1192752 (SCI, 2.15 IF, Q3)
Zhang, Junjie, Guangmin Sun, Yuge Sun, Huijing Dou, and Anas Bilal. "Hyper-Parameter Optimization by Using the Genetic Algorithm for Upper Limb Activities Recognition Based on Neural Networks." IEEE Sensors Journal 21, no. 2 (2020): 1877-1884. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2020.3018629 (SCI, 4.3 IF, Q1)
Latif, Jahanzaib, Chuangbai Xiao, Shanshan Tu, Sadaqat Ur Rehman, Azhar Imran, and Anas Bilal."Implementation and use of disease diagnosis systems for electronic medical records based on machine learning: A complete review." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 150489-150513 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3016782 (SCI, 3.4 IF, Q2)
Zheng, Kun, Mengfei Wei, Guangmin Sun, Bilal Anas, and Yu Li. "Using vehicle synthesis generative adversarial networks to improve vehicle detection in remote sensing images." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 9 (2019): 390. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8090390 (SCI, 3.09 IF, Q2)
Wajahat, Ahsan, Azhar Imran, Jahanzaib Latif, Ahsan Nazir, and Anas Bilal. "A Novel Approach of Unprivileged Keylogger Detection." In 2019 2nd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), pp. 1-6. IEEE, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOMET.2019.8673404 (EI)
Khan AQ, Riaz M, Anas Bilal. Various types of antenna with respect to their applications: a review. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Engineering. 2016 Mar;7(3):1-8. (EI)
Ali, Hamid, Muhammad Riaz, Anas Bilal, and Khalil Ullah. "Comparison of Energy Harvesting Techniques in Wireless Body Area Network." Int J Multidiscip Sci Eng 7, no. 6 (2016): 20-24. (EI)
Razaq, Abdul, Muhammad Riaz, and Anas Bilal. "Analysis of spectrum sensing techniques in cognitive radio."Science International Lahore. (EI)
Ahmed u, riaz m, Anas Bilal. Comparison of vehicular localization techniques with respect to their technical aspects. School of information technology, university of Lahore Islamabad, Pakistan. Sci. Int.(lahore).;29(1):186. (EI)
Khan, Yasir Hafeez, Muhammad Riaz, and Anas Bilal. "Performance enhancement of digital communication using Reed Solomon codes."Science International Lahore. (EI)

Accepted and Under Review

Anas Bilal et al. Optimizing Radial Basis Function Neural Networks for Non-linear System Prediction. Cluster Computing. Under review (SCI, 3.6 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal et al. Quantum Chimp-Enanced SqueezeNet for Precise Diabetic Retinopathy Classification. Scientific Reports. Under review (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Anas Bilal et al. Explainable AI-Driven Intelligent System for Precision Forecasting in Cardiovascular Disease.Frontiers in Medicine. Under review (SCI, 3.6 IF, Q1)
Author 1 , Author 2, Anas Bilal*.Hybrid MRUNet+: Enhanced Multi-Structure Retinal Segmentation for Optic Cup, Disc, and Vascular Features in Complex Imaging Conditions.Cluster Computing. Under review (SCI, 3.6 IF, Q1)
Author 1 , Author 2, Anas Bilal, Quantum Computing and Deep Learning Algorithms for Real-Time Medical Image Reconstruction and Analysis.Scientific Reports. Under review (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Author 1 , Author 2, Anas Bilal, DuaSkinSeg: Dual-Encoder Fusion for Precise Skin Cancer Segmentation.Scientific Reports. Under review (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Author 1 , Author 2, Anas Bilal, Spectral Feature Modeling with Graph Signal Processing for Brain Connectivity in Autism Spectrum Disorder .Scientific Reports. Under review (SCI, 3.8 IF, Q1)
Cuihua Ma , Zhenwan Li , Haixia Long, Anas Bilal*, Xiaowen Liu .Malware classification through API Calls multi-dimensional feature extracted based on SMOTE and Directed Graph convolution network and CNN. PLoS One Accepted (IF=3.8)

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