1587 – a group of English settlers arriving on Roanoke Island, off the coast of nowadays North Carolina, intending to form the first permanent English settlement (one attempt was unsuccessful some time ago)
late 1857 – John White, governor of the new colony, sailed back to England to get some supplies, however, a naval war between England and Spain prevented him from going back immediately
August 1590 - White finally returned to Roanoke, where he had left his family and the other settlers, but he found no trace of the colony or its inhabitants, and few clues to what might have happened, apart from a single word—“Croatoan”—carved into a wooden post (“Croatoan” was the name of an island south of Roanoke that was home to a Native American tribe of the same name, now Hatteras Island)
Investigations into the fate of the “Lost Colony” of Roanoke have continued over the centuries, but no one has come up with a satisfactory answer.
HYPOTHESES:
- the colonists were killed or abducted by Native Americans from Croatoan
- they tried to sail back to England on their own and got lost at sea
- they met a bloody end at the hands of Spaniards who had marched up from Florida
- they moved further inland and were absorbed into a friendly tribe.
RECENT FINDINGS:
Two independent teams found archaeological remains (gold signet ring, a piece of slate, potery, food jars...) suggesting that at least some of the Roanoke colonists might have survived and split into two groups, each of which assimilated itself into a different Native American community. One team is excavating a site near Cape Creek on Hatteras Island, around 50 miles (80 kilometers) southeast of the Roanoke Island settlement, while the other is based on the mainland about 50 miles to the northwest of the Roanoke site.
Sources:
- the first permanent English settlement in North America
- since May, 1607
- 103 men and boys, women only later on, after the advertising campaign of Virginia Company
- diseases, famine, conflicts with local native American tribes
- connected with the names of Captain John Smith, John Rolfe, Chief Powhatan and his daughter Pocahontas
- harsh winter known as "The Starving Time"
- a trading post - tobacco
- John Smith - The History of Virginia
Sources:
https://historicjamestowne.org/digital-rediscovery/
https://historicjamestowne.org/history/pocahontas/
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown
Photo by EricThriller on Unsplash
- since 1620
- a little troop of Pilgrims who first went to Holland in search for religious freedom but after several years decided to take advantage of a new land in America
- William Bradford - the leader who helped to draw up the Mayflower Compact establishing civil government by common consent (anarchy threatened - a battle between Puritans and non-Puritans who wanted to do as they please)
- he wrote Of Plymouth Plantation (1647) describing his experience
- the first Thanksgiving