Embedded Files
Journal Publications
Journal Publications
1. Thermal hazards in urban spaces: A review of climate-resilient planning and design to reduce the heat stressAman Gupta, Bhaskar De, Sutapa Das, Mahua MukherjeeUrban Climate 59, 102296
Abstract: Thermal hazards are a growing concern for cities through the urban heat island (UHI) effect, leading to increased mortality rates, greater energy consumption, and distressing social equity. Cities are compelled to re-evaluate climate-resilient planning to diminish heat-health risks. This review provides an overview of potential research directions after identifying the matters and constraints lacking in UHI evaluation and mitigation. A total of 203 records were examined to scrutinize domains like thermal hazard, discomfort, blue-green infrastructure, city morphology, adaptation-mitigation, and approaches to improve urban health. There was a notable lack of incorporation of multitudes of control variables. The review attempted to provide a multifaceted approach to provide more conclusive solutions. Strategies to overcome the frequent barriers of financing and space constraints were elaborated. The significance of minimal refurbishment zones to promote location-specific climate-responsive schemes that limit execution cost was elucidated. The review also suggested that attention is needed to address the inter-climate UHI problem, with the criticality of tropical warm-humid cities. Possible simulation of hierarchical action plans, which are running effectively at the administrative level, were further explored. The present review conclusively assessed major concerns of sustainable strategies and urban well-being by investigating the research gaps and elaborating relevant administrative measures.
2. Blue space resilient urban planning to enhance severely distressed thermal environmentAman Gupta, Bhaskar DePhysics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts a/b/c 137, 103804
Abstract:Water resilience is a vital aspect of current smart city planning. Maintaining the quality and volume of urban blue spaces can benefit local ecology, environment, and social well-being. The application of geospatial techniques provides an opportunity to achieve such goals in a spatially and temporally effective manner. While researchers often highlight city-level environmental problems, location-based solutions are insufficient, particularly for the rapidly sprawling Asian cities—the current work aimed to examine the water-resilient urban planning scopes for an Indian tropical megacity. The work assessed a major environmental hazard, i.e., urban heat island, which appeared to cover 9.6 %–17.4 % of the area of the city region during the summer months. The importance of blue spaces in mitigating heat islands was quantified using data from nearly 150 waterbodies, including a river, a vast wetland, and multiple lakes and urban tanks. Linear and logarithmic models established how the cooling effect increases with larger water bodies. Blue space ranging between 1.8 km2 and 2.3 km2 was recommended as the smallest yet effective size for future recreational zones. Incorporating ambient wind patterns further aided in deciding the locations of blue wedges that can be key for heat island mitigation. Moreover, to substantially amplify the blue resource recharge rate in a cost-effective manner, a multi-parameter decision analysis was carried out. Overlay of five surface characteristics contributed to planning sites for surface infiltration systems. The entire framework of the work was built to achieve sustainable development goals.
3. Enhancing the city-level thermal environment through the strategic utilization of urban green spaces employing geospatial techniquesAman Gupta, Bhaskar DeInternational Journal of Biometeorology 68 (10), 2083-2101
Abstract: Smart urban planning needs to have a multicriteria-based approach to prevent the deteriorating local thermal climate. Maximizing the cooling potential using the available grey infrastructure would be the utmost priority of future smart cities. Remote sensing and GIS can be the appropriate tools to develop a climate-resilient urban planning framework. Studies are needed to include different features of vertical and horizontal landscaping to mitigate heat stress and enhance liveability at the city level. With this goal, the current work outlined a holistic approach to efficiently using green spaces with minimal reconstruction. The problem of regional climate threat was evaluated with urban heat island characterization. Moran’s I clustering identified nearly 12% of the study area to be under considerable heat stress during summer days. Multiple techniques, such as mapping local climate zones, segment mean shift-based roof extraction, vegetation index computation, solar azimuth-based green wall site selection, etc., were applied to formulate solutions and provide an integrated method for city-level environment enhancement. A considerable area was identified as most suitable for green roof cover, and it was also computed that the transition towards green roof at only these locations may bring down the maximum heat island intensity by 0.74 °C. Additionally, solar zenith, illumination effect, and building height information were combined to create a distinct method where vertical plantation would flourish exceptionally. A rigorous assessment of more than 130 urban green spaces further quantified the relation between landscape geometry and cooling effect to provide optimum green space designs for future urban planning.
Abstract: Thermal hazards are a growing concern for cities through the urban heat island (UHI) effect, leading to increased mortality rates, greater energy consumption, and distressing social equity. Cities are compelled to re-evaluate climate-resilient planning to diminish heat-health risks. This review provides an overview of potential research directions after identifying the matters and constraints lacking in UHI evaluation and mitigation. A total of 203 records were examined to scrutinize domains like thermal hazard, discomfort, blue-green infrastructure, city morphology, adaptation-mitigation, and approaches to improve urban health. There was a notable lack of incorporation of multitudes of control variables. The review attempted to provide a multifaceted approach to provide more conclusive solutions. Strategies to overcome the frequent barriers of financing and space constraints were elaborated. The significance of minimal refurbishment zones to promote location-specific climate-responsive schemes that limit execution cost was elucidated. The review also suggested that attention is needed to address the inter-climate UHI problem, with the criticality of tropical warm-humid cities. Possible simulation of hierarchical action plans, which are running effectively at the administrative level, were further explored. The present review conclusively assessed major concerns of sustainable strategies and urban well-being by investigating the research gaps and elaborating relevant administrative measures.
2. Blue space resilient urban planning to enhance severely distressed thermal environmentAman Gupta, Bhaskar DePhysics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts a/b/c 137, 103804
Abstract:Water resilience is a vital aspect of current smart city planning. Maintaining the quality and volume of urban blue spaces can benefit local ecology, environment, and social well-being. The application of geospatial techniques provides an opportunity to achieve such goals in a spatially and temporally effective manner. While researchers often highlight city-level environmental problems, location-based solutions are insufficient, particularly for the rapidly sprawling Asian cities—the current work aimed to examine the water-resilient urban planning scopes for an Indian tropical megacity. The work assessed a major environmental hazard, i.e., urban heat island, which appeared to cover 9.6 %–17.4 % of the area of the city region during the summer months. The importance of blue spaces in mitigating heat islands was quantified using data from nearly 150 waterbodies, including a river, a vast wetland, and multiple lakes and urban tanks. Linear and logarithmic models established how the cooling effect increases with larger water bodies. Blue space ranging between 1.8 km2 and 2.3 km2 was recommended as the smallest yet effective size for future recreational zones. Incorporating ambient wind patterns further aided in deciding the locations of blue wedges that can be key for heat island mitigation. Moreover, to substantially amplify the blue resource recharge rate in a cost-effective manner, a multi-parameter decision analysis was carried out. Overlay of five surface characteristics contributed to planning sites for surface infiltration systems. The entire framework of the work was built to achieve sustainable development goals.
3. Enhancing the city-level thermal environment through the strategic utilization of urban green spaces employing geospatial techniquesAman Gupta, Bhaskar DeInternational Journal of Biometeorology 68 (10), 2083-2101
Abstract: Smart urban planning needs to have a multicriteria-based approach to prevent the deteriorating local thermal climate. Maximizing the cooling potential using the available grey infrastructure would be the utmost priority of future smart cities. Remote sensing and GIS can be the appropriate tools to develop a climate-resilient urban planning framework. Studies are needed to include different features of vertical and horizontal landscaping to mitigate heat stress and enhance liveability at the city level. With this goal, the current work outlined a holistic approach to efficiently using green spaces with minimal reconstruction. The problem of regional climate threat was evaluated with urban heat island characterization. Moran’s I clustering identified nearly 12% of the study area to be under considerable heat stress during summer days. Multiple techniques, such as mapping local climate zones, segment mean shift-based roof extraction, vegetation index computation, solar azimuth-based green wall site selection, etc., were applied to formulate solutions and provide an integrated method for city-level environment enhancement. A considerable area was identified as most suitable for green roof cover, and it was also computed that the transition towards green roof at only these locations may bring down the maximum heat island intensity by 0.74 °C. Additionally, solar zenith, illumination effect, and building height information were combined to create a distinct method where vertical plantation would flourish exceptionally. A rigorous assessment of more than 130 urban green spaces further quantified the relation between landscape geometry and cooling effect to provide optimum green space designs for future urban planning.
4. Vulnerability assessment of a highly populated megacity to ambient thermal stressAman Gupta, Bhaskar De, Anoop Kumar Shukla, Gloria PignattaSustainability 16 (8), 3395
Abstract:The urban ambient environment is directly responsible for the health conditions of millions of people. Comfortable living space is a significant aspect that urban policymakers need to address for sustainable planning. There is still a notable lack of studies that link the spatial profile of urban climate with city-specific built-up settings while assessing the vulnerability of the city population. Geospatial approaches can be beneficial in evaluating patterns of thermal discomfort and strategizing its mitigation. This study attempts to provide a thorough remote sensing framework to analyze the summer magnitude of thermal discomfort for a city in a tropical hot and humid climate. Spatial profiles of dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature and relative humidity were prepared for this purpose. A simultaneous assessment of various discomfort indices indicated the presence of moderate to strong heat stress to a vast extent within the study area. The central business district (CBD) of the city indicated a ‘danger’ level of heat disorder for outdoor exposure cases. Nearly 0.69 million people were vulnerable to a moderate threat from humid heat stress, and around 0.21 million citizens faced strong heat stress. Combing city morphology in the study showed that mid-rise buildings had the maximum contribution in terms of thermal discomfort. City areas with built-up cover of more than 68%, along with building height between 5.8 m and 9.3 m, created the worst outdoor discomfort situations. Better land management prospects were also investigated through a multicriteria approach using morphological settlement zones, wind direction, pavement watering, building regulations and future landscaping plans. East–west-aligned road segments of a total 38.44 km length were delineated for water spray cooling and greener pavements. This study is likely to provide solutions for enhancing ambient urban health.
5. A systematic review on urban blue-green infrastructure in the south Asian region: recent advancements, applications, and challengesAman Gupta, Bhaskar DeWater Science & Technology 89 (2), 382-403
Abstract: This study uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) process to know the present status of research on urban Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) in the lower-middle-income countries of the South Asian region, specifically India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal, and Pakistan, which produced 77 relevant publications after detailed scanning published between 2013 and 2022. It was aimed to analyze variations on BGI's mentions in different regions, identify BGI components found in the literature and their uses to promote urban sustainability, research initiatives, and priorities, and identify knowledge gaps for future research. The review reveals significant differences in research distribution among countries, with the majority of the articles focusing on green spaces compared to bluescapes and concentrating on topics like local inhabitant's perception of urban green spaces, advantages of implementing nature-based solutions, the role of green infrastructures in minimizing the urban heat island effect, air pollution, etc. Articles highlighted the lack of governance and the challenges in implementing and designing a BGI network. However, articles discussing a holistic methodology to implement BGI for promoting urban sustainability were limited. Gaps still exist in determining the appropriate strategy for the scope identification, creation, management, and governance of BGI and integrating it with existing grey infrastructure.
6. Assessment of critical thermal characteristics and land surface dynamics of an Indian metropolitan cityAman Gupta, Anisha Sadab, Bhaskar DeJournal of Water and Climate Change 15 (7), 3409-3430
Abstract:Monitoring urban heat islands (UHIs) is crucial as it has become a major health hazard. This paper focuses on an empirical study analyzing causes and spatiotemporal attributes in a tropical metropolis to enrich the urban climate database. A comparative assessment of temperature patterns from Landsat and Terra satellite sensors was performed for day–night scenarios for summer and winter. Results showed that from 2003 to 2014, there was a sharp rise of about 4 °C in average daytime temperature in summer. The temporal UHI increased by 28.52% for summer and 8.37% for winter in the last two decades. The thermal hotspot development was linked to land cover dynamics using surface indices, land use land cover, and local climate zone patterns. The dense green cover was reduced by 652.69 km2, reflecting the major cause behind hotspot development. The presence of water content was reduced, as depicted by a drop in maximum NDWI values from 0.425 to 0.152. The study identified compact mid-rise building arrangements within the built area as critical for hotspot creation. Green roofing with low plants should be prioritized at such locations since it can reduce the average temperature by 2.6 °C. This thorough analysis of climate change will aid in sustainable planning for similar city regions.
Abstract:The urban ambient environment is directly responsible for the health conditions of millions of people. Comfortable living space is a significant aspect that urban policymakers need to address for sustainable planning. There is still a notable lack of studies that link the spatial profile of urban climate with city-specific built-up settings while assessing the vulnerability of the city population. Geospatial approaches can be beneficial in evaluating patterns of thermal discomfort and strategizing its mitigation. This study attempts to provide a thorough remote sensing framework to analyze the summer magnitude of thermal discomfort for a city in a tropical hot and humid climate. Spatial profiles of dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature and relative humidity were prepared for this purpose. A simultaneous assessment of various discomfort indices indicated the presence of moderate to strong heat stress to a vast extent within the study area. The central business district (CBD) of the city indicated a ‘danger’ level of heat disorder for outdoor exposure cases. Nearly 0.69 million people were vulnerable to a moderate threat from humid heat stress, and around 0.21 million citizens faced strong heat stress. Combing city morphology in the study showed that mid-rise buildings had the maximum contribution in terms of thermal discomfort. City areas with built-up cover of more than 68%, along with building height between 5.8 m and 9.3 m, created the worst outdoor discomfort situations. Better land management prospects were also investigated through a multicriteria approach using morphological settlement zones, wind direction, pavement watering, building regulations and future landscaping plans. East–west-aligned road segments of a total 38.44 km length were delineated for water spray cooling and greener pavements. This study is likely to provide solutions for enhancing ambient urban health.
5. A systematic review on urban blue-green infrastructure in the south Asian region: recent advancements, applications, and challengesAman Gupta, Bhaskar DeWater Science & Technology 89 (2), 382-403
Abstract: This study uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) process to know the present status of research on urban Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) in the lower-middle-income countries of the South Asian region, specifically India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal, and Pakistan, which produced 77 relevant publications after detailed scanning published between 2013 and 2022. It was aimed to analyze variations on BGI's mentions in different regions, identify BGI components found in the literature and their uses to promote urban sustainability, research initiatives, and priorities, and identify knowledge gaps for future research. The review reveals significant differences in research distribution among countries, with the majority of the articles focusing on green spaces compared to bluescapes and concentrating on topics like local inhabitant's perception of urban green spaces, advantages of implementing nature-based solutions, the role of green infrastructures in minimizing the urban heat island effect, air pollution, etc. Articles highlighted the lack of governance and the challenges in implementing and designing a BGI network. However, articles discussing a holistic methodology to implement BGI for promoting urban sustainability were limited. Gaps still exist in determining the appropriate strategy for the scope identification, creation, management, and governance of BGI and integrating it with existing grey infrastructure.
6. Assessment of critical thermal characteristics and land surface dynamics of an Indian metropolitan cityAman Gupta, Anisha Sadab, Bhaskar DeJournal of Water and Climate Change 15 (7), 3409-3430
Abstract:Monitoring urban heat islands (UHIs) is crucial as it has become a major health hazard. This paper focuses on an empirical study analyzing causes and spatiotemporal attributes in a tropical metropolis to enrich the urban climate database. A comparative assessment of temperature patterns from Landsat and Terra satellite sensors was performed for day–night scenarios for summer and winter. Results showed that from 2003 to 2014, there was a sharp rise of about 4 °C in average daytime temperature in summer. The temporal UHI increased by 28.52% for summer and 8.37% for winter in the last two decades. The thermal hotspot development was linked to land cover dynamics using surface indices, land use land cover, and local climate zone patterns. The dense green cover was reduced by 652.69 km2, reflecting the major cause behind hotspot development. The presence of water content was reduced, as depicted by a drop in maximum NDWI values from 0.425 to 0.152. The study identified compact mid-rise building arrangements within the built area as critical for hotspot creation. Green roofing with low plants should be prioritized at such locations since it can reduce the average temperature by 2.6 °C. This thorough analysis of climate change will aid in sustainable planning for similar city regions.
7. Optimal approaches in global warming mitigation and adaptation strategies at city scaleAman Gupta, Anoop Kumar ShuklaDiscover Sustainability 5 (1), 272
Abstract: Case studies from global cities contribute to more focused analyses of global warming challenges and demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation and adaptation strategies to identify lessons about success at the city scale. The case studies were chosen to demonstrate aspects of the critical messages for action priorities in global warming mitigation and adaptation. This work focuses on best practices and initiatives for mitigation and adaptation approaches from developed and developing economies, including North American cities, European cities, Asian cities, and other global cities worldwide. The case studies were grouped to examine, identify, and emphasize important factors in various areas (e.g., local programs and alliances, governance, stakeholder engagement, community actions, and scientific research) that determined the success of adaptation strategies in various global cities. Many recent studies showcase mitigation approaches, particularly those relating to blue-green infrastructure and nature-based strategies. The case studies selected reflect vulnerable regions and demonstrate how increasing global warming significantly concerns individuals, societies, and their infrastructure. The selected studies include Amsterdam in Netherlands; Singapore, as a city in a garden; Boston in USA; Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan in India, aimed at implementing strategies with the objectives of climate adaptation planning; Copenhagen, as a coastal town, is more susceptible to flooding; Portland, the most progressive city in USA; Hamburg in Germany, one of the biggest harbours in Europe; and the 'Rain City Strategy', in Vancouver, Canada. Not all global cities respond the same way, but undertaking joint complex efforts helps mitigate the impacts.
8. Preliminary study on the spread of air-borne pollutants in urban environment: a CFD simulation approachFatma Ahmad, Debjit Majumder, Rabs Ranjit, Aman Gupta, Michael ManhartScientific Reports 15 (1), 18836
Abstract: The spreading of pollutants within urban areas, particularly from traffic emissions, poses a significant health risk. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a key tool in understanding how pollutants spread within a city. In particular, the large-eddy simulation (LES) approach allows us to capture the complex time-dependent behaviour of the 3D flow field due to buildings in a dense urban environment. This work utilizes the CFD tool MGLET (Multi Grid Large Eddy Turbulence) to model the transport of pollutants within a selected domain in Munich city. MGLET offers a feature of simulating transport of multiple passive scalar quantities simultaneously. This facilitates the individual analysis of emissions from each major street in the domain of interest, providing detailed insights into their respective impacts. Additionally, MGLET utilizes the Immersed Boundary Method to resolve 3D building geometries, removing the need to generate body-fitted grids, which tends to be highly time-consuming. The streets are defined by area sources, and the emission rates for each street are defined by the average traffic flow rate. This high-fidelity approach offers a detailed analysis, allowing us to identify local features such as recirculation zones in street canyons and pinpoint the streets that contribute most significantly to pollution at specific locations. The insights from CFD studies can empower policymakers to craft legislation tailored to local pollution control efforts, thus enhancing the quality of life in urban areas. Ultimately, the accurate prediction of pollutant concentration is critical, as it directly impacts the health and well-being of urban residents, highlighting the urgent need for effective pollution control measures.
9. Intra-city disparities in urban green space proximity and its association with infrastructures and demographyAman Gupta, Bhaskar De, Zhiqiang Feng
Abstract:Proximity to urban green space is a crucial parameter that enriches urban livability and social health. Conversely, the disparity in green space proximity leads to environmental injustice. This becomes a major hindrance to reach sustainable goals at community level. The inequity in green space proximity may be generated from various socio-economic reasons, and such factors need to be evaluated to overcome the issue. Simultaneously, the patterns of green space will affect different age groups in separate manners. In densely built, vastly populated cities from the global south, not much attention is given to the demographic dynamics and urban health. The present study was carried out to recognize these shortcomings. Computation and mapping of Per Capita Green Space (PCGS) were performed at 1 km × 1 km grid level for a tropical megacity from India. About 59 % of the grids within the city depicted remarkably low PCGS, lower than sustainable standards. While the same areas contained more than 9.5 million people, creating severe health hazard risks. Alarmingly low PCGS (even zero) were mostly noted in the northern parts of the city and also in the suburbs towards the north. More than half a million children (age <10 years) were present at risk within the most critical grids. Sample grid observations using floor space area suggested that lower PCGS was common in lower economic residences within the city. The work aimed to draw the attention of urban policymakers to a much-needed environmental injustice and build the latest geospatial database to aid future sustainable city planning.
Abstract: Case studies from global cities contribute to more focused analyses of global warming challenges and demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation and adaptation strategies to identify lessons about success at the city scale. The case studies were chosen to demonstrate aspects of the critical messages for action priorities in global warming mitigation and adaptation. This work focuses on best practices and initiatives for mitigation and adaptation approaches from developed and developing economies, including North American cities, European cities, Asian cities, and other global cities worldwide. The case studies were grouped to examine, identify, and emphasize important factors in various areas (e.g., local programs and alliances, governance, stakeholder engagement, community actions, and scientific research) that determined the success of adaptation strategies in various global cities. Many recent studies showcase mitigation approaches, particularly those relating to blue-green infrastructure and nature-based strategies. The case studies selected reflect vulnerable regions and demonstrate how increasing global warming significantly concerns individuals, societies, and their infrastructure. The selected studies include Amsterdam in Netherlands; Singapore, as a city in a garden; Boston in USA; Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan in India, aimed at implementing strategies with the objectives of climate adaptation planning; Copenhagen, as a coastal town, is more susceptible to flooding; Portland, the most progressive city in USA; Hamburg in Germany, one of the biggest harbours in Europe; and the 'Rain City Strategy', in Vancouver, Canada. Not all global cities respond the same way, but undertaking joint complex efforts helps mitigate the impacts.
8. Preliminary study on the spread of air-borne pollutants in urban environment: a CFD simulation approachFatma Ahmad, Debjit Majumder, Rabs Ranjit, Aman Gupta, Michael ManhartScientific Reports 15 (1), 18836
Abstract: The spreading of pollutants within urban areas, particularly from traffic emissions, poses a significant health risk. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a key tool in understanding how pollutants spread within a city. In particular, the large-eddy simulation (LES) approach allows us to capture the complex time-dependent behaviour of the 3D flow field due to buildings in a dense urban environment. This work utilizes the CFD tool MGLET (Multi Grid Large Eddy Turbulence) to model the transport of pollutants within a selected domain in Munich city. MGLET offers a feature of simulating transport of multiple passive scalar quantities simultaneously. This facilitates the individual analysis of emissions from each major street in the domain of interest, providing detailed insights into their respective impacts. Additionally, MGLET utilizes the Immersed Boundary Method to resolve 3D building geometries, removing the need to generate body-fitted grids, which tends to be highly time-consuming. The streets are defined by area sources, and the emission rates for each street are defined by the average traffic flow rate. This high-fidelity approach offers a detailed analysis, allowing us to identify local features such as recirculation zones in street canyons and pinpoint the streets that contribute most significantly to pollution at specific locations. The insights from CFD studies can empower policymakers to craft legislation tailored to local pollution control efforts, thus enhancing the quality of life in urban areas. Ultimately, the accurate prediction of pollutant concentration is critical, as it directly impacts the health and well-being of urban residents, highlighting the urgent need for effective pollution control measures.
9. Intra-city disparities in urban green space proximity and its association with infrastructures and demographyAman Gupta, Bhaskar De, Zhiqiang Feng
Abstract:Proximity to urban green space is a crucial parameter that enriches urban livability and social health. Conversely, the disparity in green space proximity leads to environmental injustice. This becomes a major hindrance to reach sustainable goals at community level. The inequity in green space proximity may be generated from various socio-economic reasons, and such factors need to be evaluated to overcome the issue. Simultaneously, the patterns of green space will affect different age groups in separate manners. In densely built, vastly populated cities from the global south, not much attention is given to the demographic dynamics and urban health. The present study was carried out to recognize these shortcomings. Computation and mapping of Per Capita Green Space (PCGS) were performed at 1 km × 1 km grid level for a tropical megacity from India. About 59 % of the grids within the city depicted remarkably low PCGS, lower than sustainable standards. While the same areas contained more than 9.5 million people, creating severe health hazard risks. Alarmingly low PCGS (even zero) were mostly noted in the northern parts of the city and also in the suburbs towards the north. More than half a million children (age <10 years) were present at risk within the most critical grids. Sample grid observations using floor space area suggested that lower PCGS was common in lower economic residences within the city. The work aimed to draw the attention of urban policymakers to a much-needed environmental injustice and build the latest geospatial database to aid future sustainable city planning.
Book Chapters
Book Chapters
1. Improving Accessibility to Urban Blue-Green Spaces: A Case of Howrah, India, Book Title: Sustainable Development and Geospatial Technology, Springer Nature 2024Mallika Dey, Aman Gupta, Bhaskar De & Sutapa Das
Abstract: Urban blue-green spaces (UBGS) significantly mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization on city dwellers, especially when easily accessible. UBGS relieves urban stressors, improves air quality, and reduces stress levels among urban dwellers. These spaces develop a sense of community engagement and encourage social-cultural interaction among the region’s residents. However, India’s rapid urbanization and population pressure have deteriorated such spaces. Most Indian cities have failed to meet the recommended standards and guidelines provided by the Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI), which suggests 10–12 m2 of open spaces per individual. The Indian cities are facing increased rural-to-urban migration, with urbanization rates soaring, further exacerbating the problem. To solve issues related to the availability and accessibility of UBGS, the concerned authorities are focussing on optimizing these spaces to accommodate the growing population. Achieving Target 11.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals, which aims to make green spaces universally accessible by 2030, requires integrating UBGS into city climate plans. This chapter explores the necessity of enhancing UBGS accessibility in Howrah municipality through satellite imagery, field surveys, and interviews with locals and officials. It also underlines the multidimensional role of UBGS in ecological conservation, stormwater management, economic empowerment, and the overall well-being of communities. The study will contribute to understanding the region’s issues, developing appropriate policy frameworks, installing amenities, and working on blue-green network ideas.
2. The Potential of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a Tool to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals, Book Title: Sustainable Development and Geospatial Technology, Springer Nature 2024Aman Gupta, Jing Ruan & Shubham Jaiswal
Abstract:Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a facilitation tool based on computer technology that is used for numerous purposes, providing a comprehensive and full capacity for visualizing and analysing data on several spatial layers. In this chapter, the use of GIS as a support tool for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is looked into. The purpose of this chapter is to (a) identify the domains of sustainable development, such as those where GIS has been used to help implement the SDGs, and (b) look at future areas where it may be used more often, in addition to how it can help solve critical global problems right now. By providing data, information, and insights, GIS may aid in the creation of targeted interventions, tracking progress, and the achievement of the SDGs. When it comes to mapping poverty, monitoring water quality, delivering excellent education, providing climate change monitoring, responsible resource consumption/production, promoting gender equality, mapping industrial operations, or mapping economic activity, GIS is crucial. To elaborate, GIS contributes to the realization of a more sustainable world. The mapping, analysis, and visualization of data that GIS provides helps to advance SDGs. As technological progress continues, GIS will play an increasingly significant role in the SDGs.
3. Geomatics Approaches for Traffic Congestion Study, Book Title: Sustainable Development and Geospatial Technology, Springer Nature 2024Aman Gupta & Anisha Sadab
Abstract:India, one of the world’s fastest-developing countries, is also experiencing a significant surge in population. The initial steps of planning and meeting the future demand for smart and sustainable cities are underway, coinciding with their rapid expansion. Consequently, there is a growing demand for enhanced mobility. When transportation is well managed, it has the potential to increase workforce efficiency, improve quality of life, and promote environmental sustainability, therefore making a significant contribution to economic growth within society. Traffic congestion is a significant problem that comes with an increase in the number of vehicles. Indian cities, with their existing infrastructure, necessitate improved, efficient, and intelligent resource management strategies to accommodate the increasing demand. Implementing an effective traffic management system has a higher probability of helping alleviate the issues at hand, thereby decreasing instances of traffic jams. In this chapter, the existing techniques and methods for traffic congestion detection using different geomatics techniques have been studied and compared against each other to draw appropriate conclusions and complement the preceding chapters. This chapter presents a comprehensive framework for the management of traffic flow through the utilization of artificial intelligence techniques, traffic detection technologies, and centralized supervision. The use of various measures, such as dynamic traffic signal regulations, dynamic speed restrictions, and accident detection, can effectively mitigate a range of traffic-related concerns. The concepts endeavor to transform the traffic management and monitoring methods in the present scenario, thereby making a valuable contribution to the field of intelligent and sustainable transportation planning.
Abstract: Urban blue-green spaces (UBGS) significantly mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization on city dwellers, especially when easily accessible. UBGS relieves urban stressors, improves air quality, and reduces stress levels among urban dwellers. These spaces develop a sense of community engagement and encourage social-cultural interaction among the region’s residents. However, India’s rapid urbanization and population pressure have deteriorated such spaces. Most Indian cities have failed to meet the recommended standards and guidelines provided by the Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI), which suggests 10–12 m2 of open spaces per individual. The Indian cities are facing increased rural-to-urban migration, with urbanization rates soaring, further exacerbating the problem. To solve issues related to the availability and accessibility of UBGS, the concerned authorities are focussing on optimizing these spaces to accommodate the growing population. Achieving Target 11.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals, which aims to make green spaces universally accessible by 2030, requires integrating UBGS into city climate plans. This chapter explores the necessity of enhancing UBGS accessibility in Howrah municipality through satellite imagery, field surveys, and interviews with locals and officials. It also underlines the multidimensional role of UBGS in ecological conservation, stormwater management, economic empowerment, and the overall well-being of communities. The study will contribute to understanding the region’s issues, developing appropriate policy frameworks, installing amenities, and working on blue-green network ideas.
2. The Potential of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a Tool to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals, Book Title: Sustainable Development and Geospatial Technology, Springer Nature 2024Aman Gupta, Jing Ruan & Shubham Jaiswal
Abstract:Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a facilitation tool based on computer technology that is used for numerous purposes, providing a comprehensive and full capacity for visualizing and analysing data on several spatial layers. In this chapter, the use of GIS as a support tool for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is looked into. The purpose of this chapter is to (a) identify the domains of sustainable development, such as those where GIS has been used to help implement the SDGs, and (b) look at future areas where it may be used more often, in addition to how it can help solve critical global problems right now. By providing data, information, and insights, GIS may aid in the creation of targeted interventions, tracking progress, and the achievement of the SDGs. When it comes to mapping poverty, monitoring water quality, delivering excellent education, providing climate change monitoring, responsible resource consumption/production, promoting gender equality, mapping industrial operations, or mapping economic activity, GIS is crucial. To elaborate, GIS contributes to the realization of a more sustainable world. The mapping, analysis, and visualization of data that GIS provides helps to advance SDGs. As technological progress continues, GIS will play an increasingly significant role in the SDGs.
3. Geomatics Approaches for Traffic Congestion Study, Book Title: Sustainable Development and Geospatial Technology, Springer Nature 2024Aman Gupta & Anisha Sadab
Abstract:India, one of the world’s fastest-developing countries, is also experiencing a significant surge in population. The initial steps of planning and meeting the future demand for smart and sustainable cities are underway, coinciding with their rapid expansion. Consequently, there is a growing demand for enhanced mobility. When transportation is well managed, it has the potential to increase workforce efficiency, improve quality of life, and promote environmental sustainability, therefore making a significant contribution to economic growth within society. Traffic congestion is a significant problem that comes with an increase in the number of vehicles. Indian cities, with their existing infrastructure, necessitate improved, efficient, and intelligent resource management strategies to accommodate the increasing demand. Implementing an effective traffic management system has a higher probability of helping alleviate the issues at hand, thereby decreasing instances of traffic jams. In this chapter, the existing techniques and methods for traffic congestion detection using different geomatics techniques have been studied and compared against each other to draw appropriate conclusions and complement the preceding chapters. This chapter presents a comprehensive framework for the management of traffic flow through the utilization of artificial intelligence techniques, traffic detection technologies, and centralized supervision. The use of various measures, such as dynamic traffic signal regulations, dynamic speed restrictions, and accident detection, can effectively mitigate a range of traffic-related concerns. The concepts endeavor to transform the traffic management and monitoring methods in the present scenario, thereby making a valuable contribution to the field of intelligent and sustainable transportation planning.
Conferences
Conferences
Conferences attended abroad
1. Climate resilient city planning using urban green-blue space resources to improve the thermal environment At the Urban Transitions Conference 2024 Held in Sitges, Barcelona, Spain from 5th -7th November 2024Aman Gupta, Bhaskar De & Sutapa Das
2. A systematic Review on Urban Blue-Green Infrastructure in the Indian Subcontinent, Urban Planning and Architectural Design for Sustainable Development (UPADSD) 8th edition, Presented at University of Florence, Italy, 24th -26th Oct, 2023Aman Gupta, Bhaskar De
Conferences attended in India
3. Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: A Case of Patna City in Bihar, National Conference Proceedings on Urban Interventions: Environmental, Social and Economic, NIT Raipur, 2nd – 3rd Aug 2022Aman Gupta, Ritu Rani
4. Reinventing the mosque architecture in the Indian context, International Conference on ‘Retro Futurism of Skills in Architecture, Design, Planning and Innovation At: School of Architecture, Urban Development and Planning - Symbiosis Skills and Professional University, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Sep 2021Shubham Jaiswal, Mohammed Arif, Aman Gupta
1. Climate resilient city planning using urban green-blue space resources to improve the thermal environment At the Urban Transitions Conference 2024 Held in Sitges, Barcelona, Spain from 5th -7th November 2024Aman Gupta, Bhaskar De & Sutapa Das
2. A systematic Review on Urban Blue-Green Infrastructure in the Indian Subcontinent, Urban Planning and Architectural Design for Sustainable Development (UPADSD) 8th edition, Presented at University of Florence, Italy, 24th -26th Oct, 2023Aman Gupta, Bhaskar De
Conferences attended in India
3. Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: A Case of Patna City in Bihar, National Conference Proceedings on Urban Interventions: Environmental, Social and Economic, NIT Raipur, 2nd – 3rd Aug 2022Aman Gupta, Ritu Rani
4. Reinventing the mosque architecture in the Indian context, International Conference on ‘Retro Futurism of Skills in Architecture, Design, Planning and Innovation At: School of Architecture, Urban Development and Planning - Symbiosis Skills and Professional University, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Sep 2021Shubham Jaiswal, Mohammed Arif, Aman Gupta
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