This evidence shows that plastic is made from polymers, which are long chains of repeating monomers. Because polymers are strong, lightweight, flexible, and waterproof, they are used in many everyday products. For example, plastics are used to make bottles, bags, chairs, phones, pens, and toys. Synthetic polymers such as polyester and nylon are used in clothing because they are durable and easy to wash. In hospitals, polymers are used for medical devices like syringes, gloves, and tubing because they are hygienic and can be sterilized.

 However, most plastics are non-biodegradable, which can cause environmental pollution and create microplastics.

This picture shows how monomers and polymers are related. A monomer is a small molecule. When many monomers join together, they form a long chain called a polymer. This process is called polymerization.

At the top of the image, the blue circles are separate monomers. After polymerization, they are connected in a long chain at the bottom. This long chain makes the material stronger and more flexible.

Polymers are used to make plastic bottles, bags, toys, clothes, and pens. Their long structure gives them useful properties like strength and durability.

This image compares bioplastic and biodegradable plastic. Bioplastic is made from renewable materials such as corn starch, food waste, and wood chips. When it breaks down, it produces carbon dioxide and can be compostable or recyclable. Because it comes from plant-based sources, it is considered more sustainable than traditional plastic.

Biodegradable plastic, however, is usually made from petroleum-based materials with special additives. These additives help the plastic break down more quickly. However, it may leave toxic residue in the environment.

The evidence shows that not all “eco-friendly” plastics are the same.