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The system architecture of the Smart Agro Intrusion Detection, Monitoring and Alerting System explains the connection and communication between the hardware components, cloud services, and mobile application used in the project. The architecture is designed to provide real-time monitoring, intrusion detection, cloud communication, and instant alert generation.
The system mainly consists of Raspberry Pi, camera module, speaker module, internet connectivity, AWS EC2 MQTT Broker, and a smartphone application.
1. Raspberry Pi (MQTT Publisher)
Raspberry Pi acts as the central processing and controlling unit of the system.
Functions:
● Receives live video input from the camera module
● Runs Motion software for motion detection
● Captures pictures and videos during intrusion events
● Publishes alert messages using MQTT protocol
● Activates speaker alarm system
The Raspberry Pi works as an MQTT Publisher because it sends intrusion data and alert
information to the cloud server.
2. Camera Module
The camera module is connected to the Raspberry Pi.
Functions:
● Continuously monitors the agricultural field
● Captures live video feed
● Detects intrusion activities such as animal or human movement
● Sends image/video data to Raspberry Pi
When intrusion is detected, the camera captures pictures and videos for alert generation.
3. Speaker Module
The speaker module is connected directly to Raspberry Pi.
Functions:
● Generates warning sounds during intrusion events
● Helps scare away animals from the agricultural field
● Acts as an immediate on-field response system
The speaker is automatically activated whenever motion is detected.
4. Internet Communication
The internet acts as the communication medium between Raspberry Pi and AWS cloud
services.
Functions:
● Transfers intrusion data from Raspberry Pi to AWS MQTT Broker
● Supports real-time communication
● Enables remote monitoring through smartphone application
The internet connection allows the system to work remotely from any location.
5. AWS EC2 (MQTT Broker)
AWS EC2 hosts the Mosquitto MQTT Broker used in the project.
Functions:
● Receives MQTT publish messages from Raspberry Pi
● Processes notification data
● Sends MQTT subscribe notifications to the smartphone application
The MQTT Broker acts as the communication bridge between the monitoring system and the
mobile application.
6. Smartphone (MQTT Subscriber)
The smartphone application acts as an MQTT Subscriber.
Functions:
● Receives intrusion alert notifications
● Displays alert messages such as “Intruder Alert”
● Allows remote monitoring of agricultural field activities
The smartphone receives alerts in real-time through MQTT communication.
Working of the System Architecture
Step 1: Field Monitoring
● Camera continuously monitors the agricultural field.
● Live video feed is sent to Raspberry Pi.
Step 2: Motion Detection
● Motion software running on Raspberry Pi detects intrusion activity.
● Pictures and videos are captured automatically.
Step 3: MQTT Publish
● Raspberry Pi publishes intrusion data, pictures, and videos using MQTT protocol.
● Data is transmitted through the internet.
Step 4: Cloud Communication
● AWS EC2 MQTT Broker receives the published data.
● Broker processes and forwards the alert notification.
Step 5: MQTT Subscribe
● Smartphone application subscribed to MQTT topic receives intrusion alert.
● Alert message is displayed on the mobile screen.
Step 6: Speaker Activation
● Raspberry Pi activates the speaker simultaneously.
● Warning sound is generated in the agricultural field.
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