Greater Caucasus Tectonics

The Greater Caucasus Mountains within the northern central Arabia-Eurasia collision zone provide a unique view into a variety of processes active in the early stages of mountain building. My students, collaborators, and myself have investigated a variety of aspects of this system at both large and small scales, with much of the recent work focused on understanding the details of the topography of the range and the potential for interactions between climate and tectonics. 

Swath profiles along-strike of the Greater Caucasus showing relationship between rainfall, convergence, erosion rate, cooling age, and sub-crustal structure.

Along-Strike Erosion and Exhumation Patterns in the Greater Caucasus

Recent work from the Greater Caucasus is focused on understanding the relationship between topography, along-strike gradients in both modern tectonics and climate, and measures of erosion rate (Forte et al., 2022a) and exhumation rate (Forte et al., 2022b). This largely builds on past efforts to understand the reflection of tectonics in the topography of the Greater Caucasus (e.g., Forte et al., 2014, Forte et al., 2016) and tectonic processes important for those relationships (e.g., Mumladze et al., 2015).

Cartoon depiction of the structural geometry and surface expression of active folding at the very eastern tip of the Kura Fold-Thrust Belt.

Structure and Geomorphology of the Kura Fold-Thrust Belt

A significant portion of active deformation within the eastern Greater Caucasus is localized within the Kura Fold-Thrust Belt. My students and I have endeavored to understand the structural geometry of the belt and its relation to the Greater Caucasus through time (e.g., Forte et al., 2010, Forte et al., 2013, Forte et al., 2015, Sukhishvili et al., 2020).

Evolution of the Kura Foreland Basin

The southeastern foreland of the Greater Caucasus as exposed within the Kura Fold-Thrust Belt presents a rich archive of the tectonic evolution of both the Greater Caucasus and the thrust belt itself. Past work has focused on better characterizing the drivers of depositional environments and the stratigraphic framework of this portion of the foreland (e.g., van Baak et al., 2013, Forte & Cowgill, 2013, Forte et al., 2015). Ongoing efforts consider the provenance evolution of the northern Kura Basin (Forte et al., In Prep) and a more complete history of depositional environments within the southeastern Greater Caucasus and implications for the dominance of tectonic or climatic signals preserved in the stratigraphy (Fowler & Forte, In Prep).