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The mass flows and energy cycles within the inner regions of galaxies exert a powerful influence on the evolution of the galaxy population. The centre of the Milky Way is the only galactic nucleus for which it is possible to resolve the physical mechanisms that drive these cycles, namely star formation and feedback, while also tracing global (100 pc) processes which determine where and when star formation and feedback occur. ACES will derive the properties of all potentially star-forming gas in the Galactic Centre, from global (100 pc) to proto-stellar core (0.05 pc) scales, down to sub-sonic (<0.4 km/s) velocity resolution. ACES primary goal is to determine how global processes set the location, intensity and timescales for star formation and feedback in the Galactic Centre.
To achieve these goals, ACES core science plan will address four of the current major open questions in the field:
Which physical mechanisms drive mass flows as a function of size scale and location?
How is the CMZ gas structured in 3D and how does this compare to other galaxy centres?
Are there preferred locations for SF in galaxy centres and how do massive star clusters form?
Do state-of-the-art models for star formation hold in extreme environments?
ACES will provide a bottom-up understanding of the mass flows and energy cycles shaping our Galactic Centre, providing a rich legacy for future studies.
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