The NFPA 85 standard covers boilers with a heat input capacity greater than 12.5 million Btu per hour (MMBtu/h), pulverized fuel systems, and heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs). The standard also applies to multiple burner boilers, stokers, atmospheric fluidized bed boilers, and waste heat boilers. The standard does not cover boilers used for domestic or space heating purposes, nor does it cover fire tube boilers, water tube boilers with a steam production not exceeding 45.4 kg/s (3600 lb/h), or electric boilers.
The NFPA 85 standard consists of four chapters and nine annexes. The chapters cover general requirements, single burner boilers, multiple burner boilers, and HRSGs. The annexes provide explanatory material, references, definitions, combustion control system diagrams, sample calculations, inspection checklists, and a guide for boiler and combustion systems hazards analysis.
The NFPA 85 standard aims to prevent boiler and combustion system accidents by specifying the minimum requirements for the design, installation, operation, maintenance, and testing of these systems. The standard also addresses the human factors involved in boiler and combustion system safety, such as training, supervision, communication, and emergency procedures. The standard emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive safety program that includes hazard identification, risk assessment, risk reduction, and risk management.
The NFPA 85 standard is updated periodically to reflect the latest technology, research, and experience in boiler and combustion system safety. The most recent edition of the standard was published in 2023. Some of the changes in the 2023 edition include:
Revised definitions of terms such as boiler purge, flame detector, flame failure response time, fuel valve proving system, interlock test switch, master fuel trip valve, pilot valve proving system, purge credit time, and purge timer.
Added requirements for fuel valve leak testing for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for flame detector testing for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for low fire start interlock for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for flame scanner self-checking circuitry for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for flame failure response time testing for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for purge credit time calculation for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for purge timer testing for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for interlock test switch testing for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for master fuel trip valve testing for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for pilot valve proving system testing for single burner boilers.
Added requirements for fuel valve proving system testing for single burner boilers.
Revised requirements for purge duration calculation for multiple burner boilers.
Revised requirements for purge credit time calculation for multiple burner boilers.
Revised requirements for interlock test switch testing for multiple burner boilers.
Revised requirements for master fuel trip valve testing for multiple burner boilers.
Revised requirements for pilot valve proving system testing for multiple burner boilers.
Revised requirements for fuel valve proving system testing for multiple burner boilers.
Revised requirements for HRSG purge duration calculation.
Revised requirements for HRSG purge credit time calculation.
Revised requirements for HRSG interlock test switch testing.
Revised requirements for HRSG master fuel trip valve testing.
Revised requirements for HRSG pilot valve proving system testing.
Revised requirements for HRSG fuel valve proving system testing.
The NFPA 85 standard is a valuable resource for boiler and combustion system owners, operators, engineers, contractors, inspectors, and regulators. The standard provides the minimum requirements for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of these systems, as well as preventing potential hazards that could result in loss of life, property, or environment.
NFPA 85: Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code 2023 Edition
NFPA 85 Tentative Interim Amendment 11-1
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NFPA 85: Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code Prevents Explosions and Implosions in Boilers
NFPA 85: Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code Pulverized Fuel Systems
NFPA 85: Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code Heat Recovery Steam Generators
NFPA 85: Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code Unfired HRSG
NFPA 85: Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code Purge Requirements
NFPA 8501: Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation
NFPA8502: Standard for the Prevention of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple BurnerBoilers
NFPA 8503: Standard for Pulverized Fuel Systems
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References:
NFPA 85: Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, 2023 Edition.
85 Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code 2015 Edition - Academia.edu.
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