2-E-2
海報論文發表

摘要

「現代國家」早期的一項治理視角為「文化種族主義」，日本國在明治維新後取得海外殖民地，開始面對帝國範圍內「差異」的詮釋問題，而此一過程才與其本土境內的現代國族化前後展開。以臺灣原住民族為對象，松田京子（2019）指出1930年代以前，以國家武力作為後盾，將原住民族納入其國家治理單元後，更抽象的文化知識也被編排到帝國的文化舞台，成為其身心皆可治理的客體對象，是一種間接的（規訓、訓練）暴力（松田2019:276）。

從這樣的視角出發，「國立臺灣博物館」的日治時期臺灣原住民族典藏中，有批來自於《佐久間財團蕃族參考品》的標本物件，便是在此一脈絡下，透過總督府與地方的警察網路，由全臺原住民族地區上繳符合其搜集原則的物件。本文作為初探，目的在於釐清搜集過程的實況，特別以臺東卑南溪流域的布農族地區為研究範圍，探討當時初入總督府「版圖」，典藏工作如何與警察治理網絡同步建立，由檔案清冊來看，物件原本的持有者、執行蒐藏者、物件本身與相關的人文地理空間關係，有什麼樣的特徵？

關鍵字：佐久間財團、原住民族文物、博物館人類學、臺灣近代史

摘要

Although Indigenous people in Taiwan constitute only 2.4 percent of the total population, they are overrepresented in the military, with official figures indicating nearly 7 percent of career soldiers are Indigenous. In the special forces, Indigenous representation is even more pronounced, with estimates ranging between thirty-five and fifty percent depending on the specific unit. The purpose of this study is to determine the underlying factors contributing to the large-scale overrepresentation of Indigenous people in Taiwan’s special forces. This will include investigating two key aspects: 1) why Indigenous people are selected by recruiters to serve in the special forces in such high numbers; and 2) what motivations and desires compel Indigenous people to pursue such a career path. This research will be qualitative and utilize numerous in-depth interviews with Indigenous members of Taiwan’s special forces. Research participants will come from all four major branches of the ROC Armed Forces: Specifically, the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Military Police. The prospective findings can be organized into two main categories: 1) practical reasons, which include a) economic factors; b) educational factors; c) family history in the military; and d) social image; as well as 2) cultural reasons, which include a) experience operating in natural environments; b) athletic prowess; c) the desire to be challenged physically; and d) a high perception of loyalty. Each of these reasons can be analyzed through their historical contexts. This study may also address the implications of viewing Indigenous people as “natural soldiers,” and why Indigenous people rarely advance to high-ranking positions in the military. Additionally, understanding the reasons why Indigenous people decide to join the special forces may help explain the psychological process of Indigenous identity formation in Taiwan. " 

關鍵字：特種部隊、原住民、從軍

摘要

索馬利蘭（Somaliland）1991年自內戰中脫離索馬利亞（Somalia）獨立建國之後，雖然一直以其相對和平的政治秩序為傲，然而該國人民也擔憂國家地位未獲承認、經濟發展停滯、基礎設施缺乏、邊境衝突等會使國家失去和平。只不過，在這兩種對和平的主流論述之外，該國文化界還有另一種對和平的看法。索馬利蘭知名學者Jama Musse Jama先生就主張：文化建設是建構和平與國家建造不可或缺的一部分。索馬利蘭戰後建國之後，有別於許多立場保守、主要來自於沙烏地阿拉伯的伊斯蘭教力量的進入國內提供援助，他透過重新探索索馬利本土文學和藝術，並取得海外索馬利人的支持，以推廣本土藝文作為建構和平的手段。他在2008年開辦一年一度的哈爾格薩國際書展（Hargeysa International Book Fair）、2014年成立哈爾格薩文化中心（Hargeysa Cultural Centre），一方面推展本土藝文，另一方面也刺激人們關注各種公共議題。筆者透過參與觀察在哈爾格薩文化中心舉辦的2023年哈爾該薩國際書展，並訪談書展的參與者，希望可以更深入了解如何以書展和文化中心作為建構和平的手段。

關鍵字：索馬利蘭戰爭、哈爾格薩國際書展、建構和平