• "Understanding Jim Crow Laws" (ThoughtCo, 2018)

  • • Nadra Kareem Nittle discusses the origins and legacy of Jim Crow laws, legal statutes that enforced racial segregation in the United States after the Civil War.

• "Racial Profiling" (American Civil Liberties Union)

  • • The ACLU describes how U.S. law enforcement routinely targets people of color.

• "A Timeline of Events That Led to the 2020 'Fed Up'-rising" (The Root, 2020)

  • • Michael Harriot offers a partial history of state-supported violence against Black people in the U.S.

"...there were 192 years between the Declaration of Independence and the end of all that Jim Crow stuff. Now we're over a decade into the twenty-first century, and I know from experience people like me are still getting shafted."

—Justyce (Dear Martin, p. 35)

• "White People Who Kill Black Men are 8 Times More Likely to Walk Free" (Huffington Post, 2017)

  • • Taryn Finley examines how white killings of Black men are often deemed as "justifiable homicides" in the United States.

• "The Little Understood Mental-Health Effects of Racial Trauma" (The Cut, 2017)

  • • Rochaun Meadows-Fernandez interviews Erlanger Turner about the racial trauma that Black people experience as a result of police violence and harassment.

• "'Black-on-Black Crime' is a Dangerous Myth" (Teen Vogue, 2020)

  • • Jameelah Nasheed deconstructs dominant U.S. narratives about "black-on-black crime" that imply Black people are inherently violent.

"It’s not a conviction, of course. But it’s a start. Just a relief to know what happened is being treated as a crime.”

—Dr. Rivers (Dear Martin, p. 135)