This is a marriage; formal or informal, between a child under a certain age e.g typically age 18 to another child or an adult especially a man. This is rooted in gender inequality.

Causes of child marriages include poverty, bride price, dowries, cultural traditions, religious and social pressures, regional customs, fear of the child remaining unmarried into adulthood, illiteracy, and perceived inability of women to work for money.

Refugees are vulnerable to violence during times of migration and displacement, specifically where social structures are disintegrated by war. Two groups that are most vulnerable to violence are female refugees & children and internally displaced women (IDW) among displaced populations. A refugee is someone who flees her country to escape war or persecution based on race, religion, gender, ethnicity, and political orientation.

Stigma and discriminations are major barriers to the improvement of mental health and wellbeing of HIV/AIDS patients as far as curbing these pandemic is concerned. It also contributes to human rights violations.

Adequate investment in overall education to cope up, speak up and accept their status thus living positively, cooperating with antiviral therapies, will greatly help curb HIV/AIDS pandemic .

This refers to access to menstrual hygiene products to absorb or collect the flow of blood during menstruation, privacy to change the materials, and access to facilities to dispose of used menstrual management materials.

It can also include the "broader systemic factors that link menstruation with health, well-being, gender equality, education, equity, empowerment, and rights".

Women, girls, and gender non-conforming persons with disabilities experience the same forms of GBV as individuals without disabilities, and also face unique forms of violence, including when perpetrators withhold medications or assistive devices or decline to assist with tasks of daily living.

Many persons with disabilities may also lack access to sexuality education, and face increased barriers to access justice and report violence, leading to impunity for perpetrators. In addition, women with disabilities are more likely to experience poverty and isolation than are men with disabilities or non-disabled persons.

This is any act in which a person is abused, threatened, intimidated or assaulted in his or her employment.

*Threatening behaviour – such as shaking fists, destroying property or throwing objects.

*Verbal or written threats – any expression of an intent to inflict harm.

*Verbal abuse – swearing, insults or condescending language.

*Physical attacks – hitting, shoving, pushing or kicking.

*Sexual Intimidation- Non-consented sensational touching, approach or verbal expression that's is purposeful for sexual gain, should not be tolerated.

Violence against children includes all forms of violence against people under 18 years old. For infants and younger children, violence mainly involves child maltreatment (i.e. physical, sexual and emotional abuse and neglect) at the hands of parents and other authority figures.

No matter what form of violence a child is exposed to, this may lead to consequences. Violence can result in physical injury, sexually transmitted infections, anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, unplanned pregnancy and even death.

Toxic stress associated with violence in early childhood can permanently impair brain development and damage other parts of the nervous system.

Survivors of any gender based violence can be ostracized from their communities, shunned by their families, denied justice and cut off from support networks. This can prevent community reconciliation and wider post-conflict stabilisation.

We strongly encourage all members of the international community, including governments, international organisations, NGOs, faith, community and other civil society groups, to join us in the effort to curb stigma.

Youth violence is a global public health problem. It includes a range of acts from bullying and physical fighting, to more severe sexual and physical assault to homicide.

For every young person killed by violence, more sustain injuries that require hospital treatment. Firearm attacks end more often in fatal injuries than assaults that involve fists, feet, knives, and blunt objects.

Violence in sports usually refers to violent and often unnecessarily harmful intentional physical acts committed during, or motivated by, a sports & game, often in relation to contact sports such as American football , ice hockey, rugby football, lacrosse, association football, boxing, mixed martial arts, wrestling etc.

Whilst many games and sports may be gender selective, The intentions of gender biasness should not prevail. Each gender should be given an equal chance to participate.

This any sexual act or attempt to obtain a sexual act by violence or coercion, act to traffic a person, or act directed against a person's sexuality, regardless of the relationship to the victim.

This is not limited to rape, which is defined as physically forced or otherwise coerced penetration of the vulva or anus, using a penis, other body parts or an object

Sexual violence is a serious public health problem and has a profound short or long-term impact on physical and mental health, such as an increased risk of sexual and reproductive health problems.

Being an ally means putting a voice to the fight, standing in solidarity with survivors, and raising children who will continue a legacy of zero tolerance towards gender-based violence.

Being a survivor of gender-based violence is a daunting experience. It can be isolating, and even alienating. Part of this experience involves facing perpetrators when sharing their testimonies, which can be traumatic.