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Democracy
Democracy
A democracy is a system in which the majority rules. It has its origins in classical Greek thinking, and has been developing and changing ever since. Many countries around the world claim to be democratic, and each implement the principle of 'majority rule' in very different ways.
Liberal Democracy
Liberal Democracy
A liberal democracy is a more modern implementation of democratic theory. 'Liberty' emphasises freedom, and 'democracy' emphasises choice. A liberal democracy is therefore a free country that emphasises choice. In a liberal democracy, the people have the power. They exercise power by choosing their government. Governments exist to protect the rights of individuals. Western nations such as Australia, America, the USA, Canada, and New Zealand are all examples of liberal democracies.
There are a number of political requirements for a system to be classed as a liberal democracy:
Operating Principles of a Liberal Democracy
Operating Principles of a Liberal Democracy
Majority Rule
Majority Rule
Given a liberal democracy maintains that the people hold the power, the concept of majority rule is fundamental. The principle of majority rule is upheld in Australia in our elections. We have a legislature (law making body) that is chosen by the people, and an executive (government that provides leadership) that are elected by the people.
Majority rule is also upheld in Australia through referendums. To change the constitution (the fundamental legal document outlining how the country will be run), a vote is put to the people. To pass, a majority of people and a majority of states must agree to the proposed change.
Equality of Political Rights
Equality of Political Rights
A right is an entitlement. In a liberal democracy, all citizens are entitled to the same political actions. Examples of these rights are the right to vote, run for office, serve on juries, and speak on public issues. It is crucial that all members of society have the same access to these rights.
Political Freedom
Political Freedom
Political freedom in a liberal democracy means that there is genuine choice, and that even those whose opinions are different from those in authority are protected. There are many aspects of political freedoms, such as a the right to speak freely (including criticism), the right to form associations, and the right to choose an alternative government.
The strength of the opposition in politics is often a good test for the extent of political freedom in a country.
Political Participation
Political Participation
In a liberal democracy, representation is crucial. We (the people) must choose representatives to make laws and policy on our behalf. One method of political participation is running for office. But politicla participation is much more than choosing representatives and becoming a representative. We can participate though protest, influencing policy as individuals and groups, making submissions, writing letters, and a myriad of other means of participation.
The Operating Princples in the world today:
The Operating Princples in the world today:
Focus Questions
Focus Questions
1. Describe what a democracy is without the use of technical language.
2. What does a democracy look like in practice?
3. What does democracy feel like?
4. What might be some issues with a democratic system of government?
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