In the past, research on speech production was limited to what is visible on sagittal plane. Nowadays, it's possible to look at the vocal tract on all possible imaging planes.
Midsagittal magnetic resonance image of a talker's head while holding an L sound, like the first sound in "loud".
While most of the movements our tongue makes to produce speech are observable on the mid-sagittal plane, some speech sounds, like liquids, involve movements that we can only study if we can visualize the tongue's movements in different planes.
It's been speculated that production of lateral consonants, such as the first sound in the word loud, may require horizontal profile narrowing, which is one of those movements that we can't see on the sagittal plane.
With support from the National Institutes on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, the multidisciplinary team at SPAN deploys a novel magnetic resonance imaging protocol that allows us to view production of sustained lateral consonants in real-time on multiple imaging planes simultaneously.
ASA_SPANLaterals.pdf
Presenting work I did for the SPAN research group at the 174th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America in New Orleans.