Artocarpus blancoi (Elmer) Merr.
Artocarpus blancoi (Elmer) Merr.
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Family: Moraceae
English Common name: Blanco's Breadfruit
Local Philippine name(s): antipolo (Bik, BisC, Tag); kolo (Bis); pakak (Ifg, Ilk); tipolo (Bik, BisPn, Tag)
Origin: Native
Conservation status: Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
(Photo Credit: Sadaba and Bagonoc, 2025)
Habit — Medium to large evergreen tree 10–30 m tall; bole straight, bark grayish to brown, slightly rough; milky latex abundant. Leaves — Simple, alternate, variable in form (juveniles often deeply lobed; adults elliptic to oblong), 10–35 × 5–15 cm; upper surface glossy, lower surface paler and softly pubescent; petiole 2–6 cm. Flowers — Monoecious; male inflorescences cylindrical catkins; female heads globose to ellipsoid. Fruits/Seeds — Multiple fruit (syncarp) globose to ovoid 6–12 cm, green to yellowish when ripe, surface irregular with fused perianths; seeds numerous, enclosed in fleshy perianths, edible. Uses — Wood light yet durable, used for furniture, carpentry, and carving; bark fibers formerly used for paper and cloth (e.g., early religious manuscripts in the Philippines); fruits edible though not widely commercialized; planted for reforestation and shade.
References
Berg, C. C., Corner, E. J. H., & Jarrett, F. M. (2006). Moraceae (genera other than Ficus). Flora Malesiana, Series I, 17(1), 1–154. https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/579344
Elmer, A. D. E. (1909). Artocarpus communis var. blancoi. Leaflets of Philippine Botany, 2, 617. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/767951
Gardner, E. M., & Zerega, N. J. C. (2021). Taxonomic updates to Artocarpus subg. Artocarpus (Moraceae) and allied taxa. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore, 73(2), 309–374. https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs73(2).2021-08
International Plant Names Index. (2025). Artocarpus blancoi (Elmer) Merr. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582604-1
Jarrett, F. M. (1959). Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera, III. A revision of Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 40(4), 327–368. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43817432
Madulid, D. A. (2001a). A dictionary of Philippine plant names: Vol. 1. Local name–scientific name. Bookmark.
Madulid, D. A. (2001b). A dictionary of Philippine plant names: Vol. 2. Scientific name–local name. Bookmark.
Merrill, E. D. (1903). A dictionary of the plant names of the Philippine Islands. Manila Bureau of Public Printing.
Merrill, E. D. (1922–1926). An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants (Vols. 1–4). Bureau of Printing.
Pelser, P. B., Barcelona, J. F., & Nickrent, D. L. (Eds.). (2011–present). Co’s digital flora of the Philippines. http://www.philippineplants.org
World Flora Online. (2025). Artocarpus blancoi (Elmer) Merr. Retrieved November 1, 2025, from http://www.worldfloraonline.org
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