In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, Data Spaces and Digital Twins are two pivotal data-driven elements whose integration creates new opportunities for multiple stakeholders. Data Spaces (DS) are secure virtual ecosystems for managing and aggregating heterogeneous real-time and historical data, enabling data sovereignty and interoperable data exchange. Digital Twins (DT) are virtual replicas used to simulate and analyse the behaviour of complex physical assets or systems, supporting data-driven decision-making and performance optimisation. Their use is particularly relevant for Critical Entities (CE), such as transportation, energy, and water infrastructures, and for Smart Urban Communities. In both contexts, the effectiveness of DT depends on the availability and quality of data, which are essential to strengthening the digital resilience of critical infrastructures.
The importance of integrating DT and DS is reflected in European initiatives and frameworks such as International Data Spaces (IDS), Gaia-X, the European data strategy, and the European Data Space for Smart Communities (DS4SSCC-DEP), which promotes federated DS deployments aligned with Europe’s Digital Decade objectives. As centralised cloud infrastructures are increasingly combined with distributed edge processing, DS must integrate heterogeneous data sources and support secure, scalable, and interoperable data exchange across systems and organisations. This is particularly important for critical entities, whose DT data often need to be shared with regulatory authorities, maintenance contractors, and other stakeholders while protecting them from unauthorised access, misuse, or deletion and preserving organisational and national data sovereignty. Such capabilities can also support the national resilience strategies and risk-assessment frameworks required by the EU Critical Entities Resilience Directive (CER), while enabling data-intensive processing and analytics in compliance with privacy and security requirements.
Now in its fourth edition and co-located with IEEE Big Data, the IEEE flagship conference in the big data sector, DSpaCES brings together researchers, practitioners, industry representatives, and governmental bodies to explore these opportunities and challenges. The workshop offers a stimulating forum for presenting emerging research, exchanging practical experiences, and fostering new collaborations at the intersection of Data Spaces, Digital Twins, and resilient smart systems.