The Italian-Palestinian expedition is carried on by the joint team of Sapienza University of Rome and the Department of Archaeology and Cultural Heritage of the Palestinian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities (MoTA-DACH), and it is funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (MAECI). Since 2015 it is involved in the excavation, emergency dig, rescuing and monitoring of the urban area of Bethlehem and the vast necropolis located south of the city, nearby the Church of Nativity. The necropolis of interest are: Khalet al-Jam'a (Early Bronze IV, Middle Bronze Age and Iron Age), Jebel Dhaher (Early Bronze Age IV and Middle Bronze Age), and Bardhaa (Early Bronze Age IV and Middle Bronze Age).