Analysis of residential water consumption

Research within the Water Systems Group focuses on the representation of residential water consumption for small groups of users through cluster-based stochastic processes, such as the Neyman–Scott model. The objective is to generate time series of water consumption for medium to large user groups by aggregating data collected at the residential level. For model validation, user consumption data from the municipality of Castelfranco Emilia (Modena, Italy) have been monitored and analyzed.

Real-time water demand forecasting

Activities in this area aim to develop mathematical models, methodologies, and monitoring techniques for real-time forecasting of water demand at the district level. Within the framework of real-time management of water distribution networks, such forecasts enable the identification of optimal operational strategies that guarantee adequate flow rates and minimum pressure levels. These tools also support leakage reduction.

Characterization of residential end uses of water

Research on water consumption at the household scale focuses on the analysis of high-frequency data provided by smart meters, which have progressively replaced traditional devices with low sampling frequency. Smart metering makes it possible to characterize water use not only at the household level but also for individual fixtures such as showers, taps, toilets, washing machines, and dishwashers. These data can support utilities in developing conservation strategies and raise awareness among users, encouraging more sustainable water-use behaviors.

Real-time management of water distribution networks

This research area investigates methods for estimating flow and pressure within water networks based on limited monitoring data. Data-driven approaches—such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, and linear regression—are explored as efficient alternatives to traditional hydraulic modeling, which often lacks the responsiveness required for real-time management applications.

Leakage modelling, localization and management

Research on leakage in water distribution networks focuses on both the modelling of leakage occurrence and the development of strategies for leak detection, repair, and control. The resulting models provide a foundation for planning maintenance and rehabilitation activities, while the parallel development of integrated approaches for leak detection scheduling and pressure management aims to optimize water loss reduction and improve overall network efficiency.

Planning of rehabilitation interventions

Research on asset management focuses on decision-support tools for the optimal scheduling of network rehabilitation interventions. As water distribution systems age and available budgets are often limited and distributed over time, the goal is to identify intervention strategies that minimize costs and maximize hydraulic reliability within the constraints of long-term investment planning.

Unsteady flow in water distribution networks

Research on unsteady flow phenomena addresses the generation and propagation of pressure transients (water hammer) in pressurized systems. Particular attention is given to small-diameter service lines and domestic plumbing systems, where transients may originate from user activities or network maneuvers and cause structural failures. This topic is investigated through field monitoring, laboratory experiments, and numerical modeling, in collaboration with the Hydraulics Research Group of the University of Perugia.