As one item increases, so does another. As one item decreases, so does another.
The concept of same direction change is a form of proportionality and ratio reasoning; two quantities will stay in proportion if they increase uniformly.
When balancing an equation in order to solve it, algebra students utilize an algorithm where they add the same quantity to each side of the equation--causing same direction change.
Children might say phrases like, “so you add one [or two, or twenty] to each,” or “each decreases by the same amount.”
Children may make gestures to indicate that each item or quantity is growing or shrinking.
A student concludes that two different mixtures of lemon juice and water will taste the same because the amounts of lemon juice and water are both changing in the same direction.
The children’s book Guess How Much I Love You by Sam McBratney offers one illustration of same direction change. In the story, Little Nutbrown Hare asks his father the titular question--and then the two hares alternatively use larger and larger measures to represent their love.