Research Information
Quoting / Paraphrasing / Summarizing / Formatting / Citing
Embedded Files
Troy High School
Troy High School
Plagiarism Policy - Student Handbook, pg. 44
Plagiarism Policy - Student Handbook, pg. 44
Rationale: The faculty at Troy School District is committed to teaching students how to become ethical users of information and ideas. It is our responsibility not only to educate students in the research process and mechanics of writing and proper documentation, but also to hold these students accountable for honest work. Whether an assigned project is in a visual, written or spoken format, students are expected to accurately reference all sources of information consulted for the project. Plagiarism is regarded as a serious offense and will not be tolerated by Troy School District or any other institution of higher learning. It is an expectation that all departments and students adhere to and enforce this policy.
Definition of Plagiarism: Plagiarism is defined as:
Copying of another person’s ideas and/or works, whether intentional or not, in whole or in part, from a print or non-print source, and using those ideas or works as one’s own.
Deliberate and/or consistent lack of proper documentation and citation in the project or paper.
In-text documentation that is not reflected in the Works Cited page
A great reference page with explanatory videos from Ashford University on how to appropriately share your research within your paper without committing plagiarism.
Citing / Formatting / Copyright
Citing / Formatting / Copyright
Guide to MLA Format
Guide to MLA Format
MLA style is most commonly used to cite sources within the language arts, cultural studies, and other humanities disciplines. This resource, revised according to the 8th edition of the MLA manual, offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, and the Works Cited page.
Click on the Maroon Buttons below to see examples.
Margins: 1" margin on all sidesFont: 12 point Times New RomanSpacing: Double spaced throughoutNumbering: All pages consecutively in the upper right hand corner of the HeaderPage Header (running head): Your last nameHeading (first page of paper, only): Your name, Teacher's name, Course name / Block, Date paper is due (Day Month Year)Title: On the first page, centered on the line below the headingIndentations: Indent the first word of each paragraph .5" from the left margin. Indent quotations 1" from the left margin.
- Parenthetical citations come after the sentence you are quoting or paraphrasing, after any quotation marks included in that sentence but before end punctuation.- For book sources, include the author's last name and the page number in parenthesis. Example: (Doe 234). - If you referenced the author in your sentence, you only need the page number in the parenthesis. Example: Doe stated "Blah, blah" (34).- If the work does not have an author or page numbers, use the title of the article / website instead. Example: ( Elizabeth I) Be careful! Many web articles do have authors!
- The correct term for your references page is "Works Cited."- All entries must be in alphabetical order, either by the author's last name or the title of the source if no author is listed.- Book, magazine and film titles should be in italics, not underlined- Poem, article or short story titles should be in "quotations"- When citing an online source, you must include a sponsor or a publisher- Indent the second line, and any subsequent lines, of each work cited entry
Myers, M., Paiz, J., Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M.,…Keck, R. (2019, December 20). General format. Purdue Online Writing Lab. Retrieved May 18, 2020 from https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html
Newbold, Curtis. "MLA Format Works Cited Page." The VGC, 18 May 2020, https://thevisualcommunicationguy.com/research-methods-citing-sources-overview/mla-format-guidelines-overview-for-citing-sources/mla-format-works-cited-page/ . Accessed 18 May 2020.
*For specific citation formatting based on your specific resource, use these hotlinks to OWL.:
** BOOKS ** PERIODICALS ** ELECTRONIC SOURCES ** OTHER **
Myers, M., Paiz, J., Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M.,…Keck, R. (2019, December 20). General format. Purdue Online Writing Lab. Retrieved May 18, 2020 from https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html
Newbold, Curtis. "MLA Format Works Cited Page." The VGC, 18 May 2020, https://thevisualcommunicationguy.com/research-methods-citing-sources-overview/mla-format-guidelines-overview-for-citing-sources/mla-format-works-cited-page/ . Accessed 18 May 2020.
Guide to APA Format
Guide to APA Format
APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 7th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page.
Click on the Maroon Buttons below to see examples.
Title: Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. The title should be centered and written in boldface. Spacing: All text on the Title Page (and throughout your paper!) should be double-spacedAuthor Statement: Double double space from the title and then each on their own line: Your name, Course Number and Name, Instructor's name, and assignment due date (month day, year)Page Header (running head): should be included on the Title Page - flush left, with the page number flush right at the top of the page.
Margins: 1" margin on all sidesFont: APA 7 requires that the chosen font be accessible (i.e., legible) to all readers and that it be used consistently throughout the paper. While the APA 7 does not specify a single font, it does recommend: 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, and 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode, as well as 12-point Times New Roman, 11-point Georgia, or 10-point Computer Modern. Spacing: Double spaced throughoutNumbering: All pages consecutively in the upper right hand corner of the Page Header (running head)Page Header (running head): Title of your paper in shortened version (1-2 words)Title: On the first page, centered on the line below the headingIndentations: Indent the first word of each paragraph .5" from the left margin. Indent quotations 1" from the left margin.
APA 7 uses the author-date method of in-text citation, using the author's last name and the year of publication for the source. Example: (Jones, 1998). However, If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication, and page number for the reference (preceded by "p." for a single page and “pp.” for a span of multiple pages, with the page numbers separated by a dash). You can do this one of two ways:1. You can introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the author's last name followed by the date of publication in parentheses.Example 1: According to Jones (1998), "students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).Example 2: Jones (1998) found "students often had difficulty using APA style" (pp. 19-20); what implications does this have for teachers?2. If you do not include the author’s name in the text of the sentence, place the author's last name, the year of publication, and the page number in parentheses after the quotation.Example 3: She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA style" (Jones, 1998, p. 199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why.
If you are paraphrasing an idea from another work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication in your in-text reference and may omit the page numbers. APA guidelines, however, do encourage including a page range for a summary or paraphrase when it will help the reader find the information in a longer work. Example 4: According to Jones (1998), APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners.Example 5: APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199).
If you are paraphrasing an idea from another work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication in your in-text reference and may omit the page numbers. APA guidelines, however, do encourage including a page range for a summary or paraphrase when it will help the reader find the information in a longer work. Example 4: According to Jones (1998), APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners.Example 5: APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199).
- Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper, separate from the text of your paper. - Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.- Label this page "References" in bold, centered at the top of the page (do NOT underline or use quotation marks for the title). - All text on the page will still be double-spaced, just like the rest of your essay.- After the first line of each entry each consecutive line will be indented one-half inch from the left margin. (This is called hanging indentation.)- All authors' names should be inverted (i.e., last names should be provided first).- Authors' first and middle names should be written as initials. Example: Mary Jane Smith = Smith, M.J.- Give the last name and first/middle initials for all authors of a particular work up to and including 20 authors (this is a new rule, as APA 6 only required the first six authors). Separate each author’s initials from the next author in the list with a comma. Use an ampersand (&) before the last author’s name. If there are 21 or more authors, use an ellipsis (but no ampersand) after the 19th author, and then add the final author’s name.- All entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.- For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.- When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, reports, webpages, or other sources, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.- Italicize titles of longer works (e.g., books, edited collections, names of newspapers, and so on).- Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as chapters in books or essays in edited collections.
*For specific citation formatting based on your specific resource, use these hotlinks to OWL.:
** BOOKS ** ARTICLES ** ELECTRONIC SOURCES ** AUDIOVISUAL MEDIA ** OTHER **
Link to Purdue OWL: Online Writing Lab
Link to Purdue OWL: Online Writing Lab
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