Multiplication & Division

The progression of Multiplication


The progression of Division


Early Multiplication strategies (Additive thinking 2nd-3rd Grade)

Transitional Multiplication strategies (4th - 5th Grade)

Watch this video if you need help understanding the ratio table model.

Multiplicative strategies (Decreased use of visual models-5th grade)

Early division strategies (3rd - early 4th grade)

Later division strategies (late 4th - 5th grade)


The same strategies can be used for division with decimals. Go to the Fractions & Decimals page to see examples.