Research Questions 

Research aims

Research question formulations

Describing and exploring

• What are the characteristics of X?

• How has X changed over time?

• What are the main factors in X?

• How does X experience Y?

• How has X dealt with Y?

Explaining and testing

• What is the relationship between X and Y?

• What is the role of X in Y?

• What is the impact of X on Y?

• How does X influence Y?

• What are the causes of X?

Evaluating and acting

• What are the advantages and disadvantages of X?

• How effective is X?

• How can X be achieved?

• What are the most effective strategies to improve X?

• How can X be used in Y?