Publications

Referred Journal Articles

1. Do, J., Wang, B., Chang, K.-A. (2025)  Turbulent structures modulated by micro-breakers beneath wind-generated gravity–capillary waves.  Submitted

2. Wu, S.-N., Zuo, L., Chang, K.-A., Yeh, P.-H., Chen, B.-F. (2025) A dual-mode wave energy converter with frequency-adaptive resonance and enhanced flow acceleration. Submitted

3. Bae, S.B., Chang, K.-A., Huang, H.-Y., Socolofsky, S.A. (2025) Comparison of surface current measurement techniques and observations of tidal Inlet dynamics using unmanned aerial systems.  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Accepted.

4. Bae, S.B., Chang, K.-A., Thyng, K.M., Socolofsky, S.A. (2025) Characterization of tidal inlet exchange flows using satellite imagery.  Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 130, e2024JC021793.

5. Bheeroo, V., Bae, S.B., Lee, M.-J., Socolofsky, S.A., Chang, K.-A. (2025) Using unmanned aerial systems for observations of water wave characteristics.  Experiments in Fluids, 66, 1-16.

6. Wu, Y.-T., Chang, K.-A. (2024) Experimental study on flow kinematics of breaking wave impinging and overtopping on a deck structure.  Ocean Engineering, 302, 117663.

7. Do, J., Wang, B., Chang, K.-A. (2024) Turbulence over young wind waves dominated by capillaries and micro-breakers. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 985, A22.

8. Feagin, R.A., Chang, K.-A., Huff, T.P., Rodriguez-Iturbe, I., Kim, J.Y., Kaihatu, J., Leonardi, N., Fagherazzi, S. (2023) An asymmetry in wave scaling drives outsized quantities of coastal wetland erosion .  Science Advances, 9, eadj2602.

9. Tan, T., Ma, Y., Zhang, J., Niu, X., Chang, K.-A. (2023) Experimental study on flow kinematics of dam-break induced surge impacting onto vertical wall.  Physics of Fluids, 35, 025127.

10. Miller, K., Chuang, W.-L. , Kim, K., Chang, K.-A., Chellam, S. (2023) Simultaneous in situ characterization of turbulent flocculation and reactor mixing using image analysis and particle image velocimetry in unison.  ACS ES&T Engineering, 3, 295-305.

11. Kordmahale, S.B., Do, J., Chang, K.-A., Kameoka, J. (2021) “A hybrid structure of piezoelectric fibers and soft materials as a smart floatable open water wave energy converter.” Micromachines, 12, 1269.

12. Do, J. & Chang, K.-A. (2021)  "Application of single-probe fiber optic reflectometry on phase discrimination and velocity and size determination in an oil–gas–water three-phase flow."  Measurement Science and Technology, 32, 105303.

13. Kim, J.Y., Kaihatu, J., Chang, K.-A., Sun, S.-H., Huff, T., Feagin, R. (2020) "Effect of cold front-induced waves along wetlands boundaries." Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 125, e2020JC016603.

14. Chuang, W.-L., Chang, K.-A., Kaihatu, J., Cienfuegos, R., Mokrani, C. (2020) “Experimental study of force, pressure, and fluid velocity on a simplified coastal building under tsunami bore impact.” Natural Hazards, 103, 1093-1120.

15. Do J., Chuang, W.-L., Chang, K.-A. (2020) "Oil droplet sizing and velocity determination using fiber optic reflectometer." Measurement Science and Technology, 31, 065301.

16. Na, B., Chang, K.-A. & Lim, H.J. (2020) “Flow kinematics and air entrainment under laboratory spilling breaking waves.” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 882, A15.

17. Hsu, W.-Y., Huang, Z.-C., Na, B., Chang, K.-A., Chuang, W.-L., Yang, R.-Y. (2019) “Laboratory observation of turbulence and wave shear stresses under large-scale breaking waves over a mild slope.” Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 124, 7486-7512.

18. Whilden, K.A., Bryant, D.B., Socolofsky, S.A., Chang, K.-A. (2019) “Experimental study on the propagation and stability of tidal vortices.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 145(7): 04019026. 

19. Kordmahale, S.B., Do, J., Chang, K.-A., Kameoka, J. (2019) "Low cost and piezoelectric based soft wave energy harvester." MRS Advances, 4(15), 889-895.

20. Chuang, W.-L., Chou, C.-B., Chang, K.-A., Chang, Y.-C., Chin, H.-L (2019) "Atmospheric motion vectors derived from an infrared window channel of a geostationary satellite using particle image velocimetry." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 58, 199-211.

21. Sun, S.-H., Chuang, W.-L., Chang, K.-A., Kim, J.Y., Kaihatu, J., Huff, T., Feagin, R. (2019) "Imaging based nearshore bathymetry measurement using an unmanned aerial system." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 145(2), 04018044.

22. Chuang, W.-L., Chang, K.-A., & Mercier, R. (2018) "Kinematics and dynamics of green water on a fixed platform in a large wave basin in focusing wave and random wave conditions." Experiments in Fluids, 59, 100.

23. Na, B., Chang, K.-A., Huang, Z.-C., Hsu, W.-Y., Chuang, W.-L. & Chen, Y.Y. (2018) "Large-scale laboratory observation of fluid properties in plunging breaking waves." Coastal Engineering, 138, 66-79.

24. Chuang, W.-L., Chang, K.-A., & Mercier, R. (2017) "Impact pressure and void fraction due to plunging breaking wave impact on a 2D TLP structure." Experiments in Fluids, 58, 68.

25. Na, B., Chang, K.-A., Huang, Z.-C. & Lim, H.J. (2016) "Turbulent flow field and air entrainment in laboratory plunging breaking waves." Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 121, 2980-3009.

26. Chuang, W.-L., Chang, K.-A., & Mercier, R. (2015) "Green water velocity due to breaking wave impingement on a tension leg platform." Experiments in Fluids, 56, 139.

27. Song, Y.K., Chang, K.-A., Ariyarathne, K. & Mercier, R. (2015) "Surface velocity and impact pressure of green water flow on a fixed model structure in a large wave basin." Ocean Engineering, 104, 40-51.

28. Lim, H.J., Chang, K.-A., Huang, Z.-C. & Na, B. (2015) "Experimental study on plunging breaking waves in deep water."  Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 120, 2007-2049.

29. Whilden, K.A., Socolofsky, S.A., Chang, K.-A. & Irish, J.L. (2014) "Using surface drifter observations to measure tidal vortices and diffusion at Aransas Pass, Texas." Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 14, 1147-1172.

30. Song, Y.K., Chang, K.-A., Ryu, Y. & Kwon, S.H. (2013) "Experimental study on flow kinematics and impact pressure in liquid sloshing." Experiments in Fluids, 54, 1592.

31. Lin, J.-F., Hsiao, S.-C., Hsu, T.-W. & Chang, K.-A. (2013) "Buoyancy effect on turbulent round jet under regular waves." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 139, 190-208.

32. Ariyarathne, K., Chang, K.-A. & Mercier, R. (2012) "Green water impact pressure on a three-dimensional model structure." Experiments in Fluids, 53, 1879-1894.

33. Lin, C., Hsieh, S.-C., Lin, I.-J., Chang, K.-A. & Raikar, R.V. (2012) "Flow property and self-similarity in steady hydraulic jumps." Experiments in Fluids, 53, 1591-1616.

34. Bryant, D.B., Whilden, K.A., Socolofsky, S.A. & Chang, K.-A. (2012) "Formation of tidal starting-jet vortices through idealized barotropic inlets with finite length." Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 12, 301-319.

35. Yeh, P.-H., Park, N., Chang, K.-A., Chen, H.-C. & Briaud, J.-L. (2011) "Time dependence channel meander migration based on large scale laboratory experiments." Journal of Hydraulic Research, 49, 617-629.

36. Wu, N.-J. & Chang, K.-A. (2011) "Simulation of free surface waves in liquid sloshing using a domain type meshless method." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 67, 269-288.

37. Chang, K.-A., Ariyarathne, K. & Mercier, R. (2011) "Three-dimensional green water velocity on a model structure." Experiments in Fluids, 51, 327-345.

38. Hsiao, S.-C., Hsu, T.-W., Lin, J.-F. & Chang, K.-A. (2011) "Mean and turbulent properties of neutrally buoyant round jet in wave environment." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 137, 109-122.

39. Irish, J.L., Song, Y.K. & Chang, K.-A. (2011) "Probabilistic hurricane surge forecasting using parameterized surge response functions." Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L03606.

[Also appeared in Research Spotlight in AGU EOS, March 22nd, 93(12), 108]

40. Huang, Z.-C., Hwung, H.-H. & Chang, K.-A. (2010) "Wavelet-based vortical structure detection and length scale estimate for laboratory spilling waves." Coastal Engineering, 57, 795-811.

41. Huang, Z.-C., Hwung, H.-H., Hsiao, S.-C. & Chang, K.-A. (2010) "Laboratory observation of boundary layer flow under spilling breakers in a surf zone using particle image velocimetry." Coastal Engineering, 57, 343-357.

42. Yeh, P.-H., Park, N., Chang, K.-A., Chen, H.-C. & Briaud, J.-L. (2009) "Maximum migration distance of a meander channel in sand using a hyperbolic function approach." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 135, 629-639.

43. Nicolau del Roure, F., Socolofsky, S.A. & Chang, K.-A. (2009) "Structure and evolution of tidal starting-jet vortices at idealized barotropic inlets."  Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 114, C05024.

44. Huang, Z.-C., Hsiao, S.-C., Hwung, H.-H. & Chang, K.-A. (2009) "Turbulence and energy dissipations of surf-zone spilling breakers." Coastal Engineering, 56, 733-746.

45. Chang, K.-A., Ryu, Y. & Mori, N. (2009) "Parameterization of neutrally buoyant horizontal round jet in wave environment." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 135, 100-107.

46. Yeh, P.-H., Chang, K.-A., Henriksen, J., Edge, B., Chang, P., Silver, A., & Vargas, A. (2009) "Large scale laboratory experiment on erosion of sand beds by moving circular vertical jets." Ocean Engineering, 36, 248-255.

47. Lim, H.-J., Chang, K.-A., Su, C. B. & Chen, C.-Y. (2008) "Bubble velocity, diameter and void fraction measurements in a multiphase flow using fiber optic reflectometer." Review of Scientific Instruments, 79, 125105.

48. Ryu, Y. & Chang, K.-A. (2008) "Green water void fraction due to breaking wave impinging and overtopping." Experiments in Fluids, 45, 883-898.

49. Lin, C., Hsieh, S.-C., Kuo, K.-J. & Chang, K.-A. (2008) "Periodic oscillation caused by a flow over a vertical drop pool." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 134, 948-960.

[Erratum: 135, 695 (2009)]
[Closure to discussion: 135, 870-871 (2009)]

50. Ryu, Y., Chang, K.-A. & Mercier, R. (2007) "Application of dam-break flow to green water prediction." Applied Ocean Research, 29, 128-136.

51. Ryu, Y., Chang, K.-A. & Mercier, R. (2007) "Runup and green water velocities due to breaking wave impinging and overtopping."  Experiments in Fluids, 43, 555-567.

52. Lin, C., Hwung, W.-Y., Hsieh, S.-C. & Chang, K.-A. (2007) "Experimental study on mean velocity characteristics of flow over vertical drop." Journal of Hydraulic Research, 45, 33-42.

[Closure to discussion: 46, 424-428 (2008)]

53. Su, C. B., Kameoka, J., Ilic, B., Chu, K.-H. & Chang, K.-A. (2006) "The property of an optical multi-pass surface plasmon resonance technique."  Applied Physics Letters, 89, 071101.

54. Lin, C., Chang, S.-C., T.-C. Ho & Chang, K.-A. (2006) "Laboratory observation of a solitary wave propagating over a submerged rectangular dike."  Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 132, 545-554.

55. Wang, M., Jing, N., Su, C. B., Kameoka, J., Chou, C.-K., Hung, M.-C. & Chang, K.-A. (2006) "Electrospinning of silica nanochannels for single molecule detection." Applied Physics Letters, 88, 033106.

56. Jung, K. H., Chang, K.-A. & Jo, H. J. (2006) "Viscous effect on the roll motion of a rectangular structure." Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 132, 190-200.

57. Lin, C., Ho, T.-C., Chang, S.-C., Hsieh, S.-C., & Chang, K.-A. (2005) "Vortex shedding induced by a solitary wave propagating over a submerged vertical plate." International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 26, 894-904.

58. Ryu, Y., Chang, K.-A. & Mori, N. (2005) "Dispersion of neutrally buoyant horizontal round jet in wave environment." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 131, 1088-1097.

59. Ryu, Y., Chang, K.-A. & Lim, H.-J. (2005) "Use of bubble image velocimetry for measurement of plunging wave impinging on structure and associated greenwater."  Measurement Science and Technology, 16, 1945-1953.

60. Chang, K.-A., Hsu, T.-J. & Liu, P. L.-F. ( 2005) "Vortex generation and evolution in water waves propagating over a submerged rectangular obstacle.  Part II: Cnoidal waves."  Coastal Engineering, 52, 257-283.

61. Jung, K. H., Chang, K.-A. & Huang, E. T. (2005) "Two-dimensional flow characteristics of wave interactions with a free-rolling rectangular structure." Ocean Engineering, 32, 1-20.

62. Jung, K. H., Chang, K.-A. & Huang, E. T. (2004)  "Two-dimensional flow characteristics of wave interactions with a fixed rectangular structure." Ocean Engineering, 31, 975-998.

63. Mori, N. & Chang, K.-A. (2003) "Experimental study of a horizontal jet in a wavy environment." Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 129, 1149-1155.

64. Lin, C., Lai, W.-J. & Chang, K.-A. (2003) "Simultaneous particle image velocimetry and laser Doppler velocimetry measurements of periodical oscillatory horseshoe vortex system near square cylinder-base plate juncture." Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 129, 1173-1188.

65. Chang, K.-A., Lim, H.-J. & Su, C. B. (2003) "Fiber optic reflectometer for velocity and fraction ratio measurements in multiphase flows." Review of Scientific Instruments, 74, 3559-3565.

[Closure to discussion: 75, 284-286 (2004)]

66. Chang, K.-A., Lim, H.-J. & Su, C. B. (2002) "A fiber optic Fresnel ratio meter for measurements of solute concentration and refractive index change in fluids." Measurement Science and Technology, 13, 1962-1965.

67. Chang, K.-A. & Cowen, E. A. (2002)  "Turbulent Prandtl number in a neutrally buoyant turbulent round jet."  Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 128, 1082-1087.

68. Chang, K.-A., Hsu, T.-J. & Liu, P. L.-F. ( 2001) "Vortex generation and evolution in water waves propagating over a submerged rectangular obstacle.  Part I: Solitary waves."  Coastal Engineering, 44, 13-36.

69. Cowen, E. A., Chang, K.-A. & Liao, Q.  (2001) "A single camera coupled PTV-LIF technique."  Experiments in Fluids, 31, 63-73.

70. Chang, K.-A., Cowen, E. A., Liao, Q. & Zarruk, G. A. (2000) "Simultaneous velocity and concentration fields in a turbulent round jet."  Journal of Visualization, 3 (2), frontispiece.

71. Chang, K.-A. & Liu, P. L.-F. (2000) "Pseudo turbulence in PIV breaking wave measurements."  Experiments in Fluids, 29, 331-338.

72. Chang, K.-A. & Liu, P. L.-F. (1999) "Experimental investigation of turbulence generated by breaking waves in water of intermediate depth."  Physics of Fluids, 11, 3390-3400.

73. Liu, P. L.-F., Lin, P., Chang, K.-A. & Sakakiyama, T. (1999) "Numerical modeling of wave interaction with porous structures." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 125, 322-330. 

[Closure to discussion: 127, 123-124 (2001)]

74. Lin, P., Chang, K.-A. & Liu, P. L.-F. (1999) "Runup and rundown of solitary waves on sloping beaches."  Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 125, 247-255.

75. Chang, K.-A. & Liu, P. L.-F. (1998) "Velocity, acceleration and vorticity under breaking waves." Physics of Fluids, 10, 327-329.

Selected Software and Reports

Mori, N. & Chang, K.-A. (2003) Introduction to MPIV – PIV Toolbox in MATLAB, online particle image velocimetry (PIV) software and user manual.

Chang, K.-A. (1999) Experimental Study of Wave Breaking and Wave-Structure Interaction. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University.

Chang, K.-A. (1994) A 2-D Boundary Integral Equation Model for Water Wave Generation, Propagation, and Run-up. M.S. thesis, Cornell University.