Unit 4 Learning Goals

In this unit, we will build on our knowledge of the electronic structure of the elements and use it to predict the properties of compounds and molecules. The goals for each of the unit sections are below. The relevant sections of the textbook are listed in parentheses.

Topic 1: Processes that Create Ions (7.1,7.2 and 8.1)

  1. Be able to explain why hydrogen does not behave like other s-block elements.
  2. Be able to explain the pattern of reactivity of the alkali/alkaline earth metals using the concepts of ionization energy and atomic size.
  3. Be able to explain the origin of the term oxidation
  4. Be able to explain the pattern of reactivity of the halogens using the concepts of electron affinity and electronegativity.

Topic 2: Ionic Bonding (7.4,8.2, 8.3 skipping polyatomic ions)

  1. Be able to determine the composition of a salt or molecule from its name
  2. Be able to write the name of a salt or molecule if given its chemical formula
  3. Be able to predict the properties of a salt or molecule from its chemical formula

Topic 3: Covalent Bonding and Covalent Molecules ( 9.1,9.2,9.3,9.4)

  1. Be able to model ionic and covalent compounds using Lewis model and bonding diagrams
  2. Be able to predict the three-dimensional structure of a simple molecule
  3. Be able to explain how the distribution of electrons in a salt or molecule creates polarity.

Topic 4: Polyatomic Ions (8.3)

  1. Be able to identify a polyatomic ion from its chemical formula.
  2. Be able to write the chemical formula of a polyatomic ion from its name.
  3. Be able to explain the how the charge of a polyatomic ion is created by the resonance within a covalent molecule.

Topic 5: Metallic Bonds and the Properties of Metals (8.4)

  1. Be able to explain the properties of a metallic bond using the concept of delocalized electrons
  2. Be able to use the electron sea model to explain the conductivity and malleability of metals.

Topic 6: Intermolecular Forces (13.2)

1. Be able to explain the difference between intramolecular and intermolecular bonds and describe the different types of bonds that fall into each category using specific examples.

2. Be able to explain why oil and water do not mix using the concepts of polar molecules and intermolecular forces.

3. Be able to use the structure of a simple molecule to identify which of the intermolecular forces contribute to it's physical properties.