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Definition
Definition
Summarizing facilitates learning by providing opportunities for students to capture, organize, and reflect on important facts, concepts, ideas, and processes they will need to access at a later time. It usually is paired with note-taking.
Summarizing teaches students how to discern the most important ideas in a text, how to ignore irrelevant information, and how to integrate the central ideas in a meaningful way. This increases comprehension.
Types
Types
Rule-based summary
Summary Frames
Narrative Frames
Topic-Restriction-Illustration Frame
Definition Frame
Argumentation Frame
Problem-Solution Frame
Conversation Frame
When to Use
When to Use
When you want students to demonstrate understanding of the important ideas and concepts from lectures, videos, and passages in a synthesized way.
Benefits:
Benefits:
Allows students to condense material into a manageable chunk of information.
Reinforces the learning and allows teachers to check for students understanding
DOK Level: 2 understanding
DOK Level: 2 understanding
Strategy to Support Diverse Students
Strategy to Support Diverse Students
Whole Group Summarizng Strategy Example:
Whole Group Summarizng Strategy Example:
Teacher models this process. Students survey the text about Armadillos to identify major subheading topics to focus on during reading.
Divide white board or chart paper into four (4) parts and label sections "description,""Food," "Homes," and "Interesting Facts." These provide a focus for their reading based on subheadings.
After reading the text, students volunteer information for each section. Record information in sentence form. Class discussion is a key part of this process.
Class summaries are then developed from teh recorded information. Write a summary on each part of the chart and then combine.
Use gradual release of support with student practice over time.
Steps
Steps
Rule-based summary - Start with a passage to model a think aloud and then have the students work with a partner on a new passage to create a rule-based summary.
Take out material that is not important to understanding
Take out words that repeat information.
Replace a list of things with one word that describes them.
Find a topic sentence or create one if it is missing."
Summary Frames- include a set of questions to help frame the summary
Reciprocal Teaching - This allows students to be placed in a group of four and each student is given a role: summarizer, questioner, clarifier, and predictor. A student could play all four roles as well.
Eleanor Demont teaches fifth grade at the Heath School in Brookline, Massachusetts about summarizing beginning with the why.
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