Primary Documents

Chief Black Hawk: Speech of Surrender, 1832

With Jackson’s Indian Removal Act well under way, several native tribe leaders came to Chief Black Hawk of the Sauk tribe. Black Hawk had a vision that he would lead his people to “win back the old homes.” He led these tribes in rebellion against the United States, ultimately being defeated by the Illinois militia. When he was captured, he delivered this surrender speech.

Chief Black Hawk: Speech of Surrender - 1832