A character archetype is a literary device in which a character is created based on a set of qualities or traits that are specific and identifiable for readers. These qualities are notably recurrent across the human experience.
An archetype creates an immediate sense of familiarity, allowing an audience member to relate to an event or character without having to necessarily ponder why they relate.
There are 12 common character archetypes. Read about each of the archetypes below. For each archetype you will be given:
Definition
Strengths
Weaknesses
& 4 Examples
A wise figure with knowledge for those who inquire. The mother figure or mentor is often based on this archetype.
Strengths: wisdom, experience, insight
Weaknesses: cautious, hesitant to actually join the action
Famous sages:
Athena (The Odyssey)
Obi-Wan Kenobi (Star Wars)
Mr. Miyagi (The Karate Kid)
Haymitch Abernathy (The Hunger Games)
A morally pure character, often a child, whose only intentions are good.
Strengths: morality, kindness, sincerity
Weaknesses: vulnerable, naive, rarely skilled
Innocent Archetype Examples:
Tiny Tim (A Christmas Carol)
Dobby (Harry Potter Series)
Rue (The Hunger Games)
Buddy the Elf (Elf)
A character naturally driven to push the boundaries of the status quo and explore the unknown.
Strengths: curious, driven, motivated by self-improvement
Weaknesses: restless, unreliable, never satisfied
Explorer Archetype Examples:
Odysseus (The Odyssey)
Indiana Jones (Indiana Jones Series)
Moana (Moana)
Sherlock Holmes (Sherlock Holmes)
A character with legal or emotional power over others.
Strengths: omnipotence, status, resources
Weaknesses: aloofness, disliked by others, out of touch
Ruler Archetype Examples:
T'Challa (Black Panther)
Mufasa (The Lion King)
Miranda Priestly (The Devil Wears Prada)
Daenerys Targaryen (Game of Thrones)
A motivated visionary who creates art or structures during the narrative.
Strengths: creativity, willpower, conviction
Weaknesses: self-involvement, single-mindedness, lack of practical skills
Creator Archetype Examples:
Hiccup (How to Train Your Dragon)
Dr. Emmett "Doc" Brown (Back to the Future)
Remy (Ratatouille)
Dr. Victor Frankenstein (Frankenstein)
A character who continually supports others and makes sacrifices on their behalf.
Strengths: honorable, selfless, loyal
Weaknesses: lacking personal ambition or leadership
Caregiver Archetype Examples:
Molly Weasley (Harry Potter Series)
Marlin (Finding Nemo)
Wendy (Peter Pan)
Mary Poppins (Mary Poppins)
A funny character or trickster who provides comic relief, but may also speak important truths.
Strengths: funny, disarming, insightful
Weaknesses: can be obnoxious and superficial
Jester Archetype Examples:
Chandler Bing (F.R.I.E.N.D.S.)
Loki (Marvel Universe)
Timon & Pumbaa (The Lion King)
R2D2 & C-3PO (Star Wars)
The romantic lead who’s guided by the heart.
Strengths: humanism, passion, conviction
Weaknesses: naivete, irrationality
Lover Archetype Examples:
Romeo and Juliet (Romeo and Juliet)
Peeta Mellark (The Hunger Games)
Jack Dawson (Titanic)
Ariel (The Little Mermaid)
A relatable character who feels recognizable from daily life.
Strengths: grounded, salt-of-the-earth, relatable
Weaknesses: lacking special powers, often unprepared for what’s to come
Everyman Archetype Examples:
Bilbo Baggins (The Hobbit)
Lilo (Lilo and Stitch)
Leslie Knope (Parks & Recreation)
Jim Halpert (The Office)
The rebel who won’t abide by society’s demands.
Strengths: independent thinking, virtue, owes no favors
Weaknesses: self-involved, potentially criminal
Outlaw Archetype Examples:
Han Solo (Star Wars)
Katniss Everdeen (The Hunger Games)
Phoebe Buffay (F.R.I.E.N.D.S.)
Batman(The Dark Knight)
A powerful figure who has harnessed the ways of the universe to achieve key goals.
Strengths: omniscience, omnipotence, discipline
Weaknesses: corruptibility, arrogance
Magician Archetype Examples:
Doctor Strange (Marvel Universe)
Gandalf (The Lord of the Rings)
Morpheus (The Matrix)
Dumbledore (Harry Potter Series)
The protagonist who rises to meet a challenge and saves the day.
Strengths: courage, perseverance, honor
Weaknesses: overconfidence, hubris (pride)
Hero Archetype Examples:
Achilles (The Iliad)
Luke Skywalker (Star Wars)
Wonder Woman (Wonder Woman)
Harry Potter (Harry Potter Series)
The Hero Archetype is perhaps the most simple and the most complex of the 12 archetypes. While the most familiar to readers, as complex stories develop more types of the hero archetype appear. Read the PDF below to view some of the varied types of the hero archetype.