a compositional element that can be used to direct the viewer's eye, create a sense of depth and movement, and influence the mood of an image .

a two-dimensional, enclosed area that is defined by lines, color, or shadow.

a compositional guideline in photography where an image is divided into nine equal parts by two horizontal and two vertical lines .

a composition technique where the main subject occupies most or all of the image, eliminating empty space and reducing distractions..

the process of digitally repairing old, damaged photos to their original or improved condition, using various tools to fix scratches, cracks, and fading 

using the hues, saturation, and brightness of light to evoke emotion, tell stories, create mood, and guide the viewer's eye 

the visual representation of how an object's surface would feel to the touch 

a technique using long-exposure photography and a moving light source (like a flashlight or glow stick) to draw or illuminate subjects in the dark, creating artistic images with glowing trails and light effects as if painting on a canvas 

You walk 100 steps and take a picture 

the camera's shutter opens and closes very quickly (e.g., 1/1000th of a second or faster), allowing very little light in but freezing fast motion 

a technique from the darkroom era, now done digitally, to selectively lighten (dodge) or darken (burn) specific areas of a photo 

uses images from mass culture (ads, celebrities, comics) and applies Pop Art's bold, commercial style—bright colors, repetition, and mechanical reproduction (like screen printing)—to photography, blurring lines between high art and everyday imagery to comment on consumerism and media.

making words out of figures

Surreal image from lyrics in photography is a conceptual approach where a photographer interprets song lyrics through a bizarre, dreamlike, or irrational visual, aiming to blend reality with the subconscious or fantasy.

focuses on using hands as a powerful, expressive subject to tell stories, convey emotion, and highlight human connection 

a creative technique that places multiple, identical subjects ("clones") into a single scene 

captures high-speed action and emotional moments across athletic events, 

crucial for creating detailed, high-contrast images 

a photo-collage technique where multiple overlapping snapshots are pieced together to create a single, cohesive image