Cinco De Mayo: It's Celebration and History

Despite what many believe, Cinco de Mayo is not Mexico’s Independence Day. It actually marks the anniversary of the Battle of Puebla, which took place on May 5, 1862. On that day, Mexican General Ignacio Zaragoza led a small army of around 2,000 men to defend their country against a larger French force (6,000 men) sent by Emperor Napoleon III. France was attempting to take control of Mexico, hoping to expand its empire into the Americas. Despite being outnumbered and not well armed, Zaragoza’s troops defeated the 6,000 French soldiers in a surprising and inspiring victory. The Battle of Puebla became an important symbol of Mexican resilience and national pride. 

The success at Puebla brought people together and caused an uproar in national pride. Cinco de Mayo celebrates this and brings many people in Mexico and other Mexican states together to celebrate their culture. However, it is only recognized mainly in the state of Puebla, where the battle happened. It is not a nationally declared holiday. The day is mostly celebrated with parades, cultural performances, and historical reenactments of the famous battle. These reenactments are typically popular events, with people dressing up as soldiers from both the Mexican and French armies to bring awareness to the battle. Music and dancing are also important parts of the day, with mariachi bands and folkloric dancers filling the streets and town squares. Food plays a big role in the celebration as well. Traditional dishes like mole poblano are served as part of the holiday. Mole poblano is often considered the official dish of Cinco de Mayo. Families and communities gather to share meals and honor their heritage through food, music, and tradition.

It’s also important to note how it is celebrated within most American states. We tend to view it less as a celebration of the battle itself and more as a cultural event. Despite the overlooking of the date’s historical value, it is still significant in Mexican-American communities. Festivals much like those in Puebla take place. They highlight Mexican music, art, and dances. Food is also significant; however, it is more Americanized. Tacos and churros are widely enjoyed for the holiday rather than traditional dishes you might see in Mexico itself. It has been widely commercialized in the U.S and used for profit in bars and many restaurants, which is something that has been criticized by those of Mexican heritage. It is important to remember what we are celebrating and the overall culture and history behind it. 

Overall, Cinco de Mayo is a reminder of culture, unity, and history. What began as a small battle over 160 years ago is now a celebration of heritage that continues to bring people together every year.