section A(teaching and learning approach and learning theories)

(i)The importance of active learning in the 4iR /5iR environment.

In the era of 4iR/5IR ,active learning is vital as it equips  students with essential skills like problem-solving, collaboration ,critical thinking , and also digital literacy .By engaging students in real-world applications ,active learning prepares them for the future ,for a rapidly changing tech driven-world enhancing their  innovation adaptability ,innovation and employability.

(ii)suitable learning theories that  align with active learning.

constructivism - This theory propose that learners create their own understanding by experiencing and reflecting on the world around them. Through hands-on activities and meaningful discussions , students actively build their knowledge ,making connections and insights that stick .

social constructivism- emphasizes that learning is a social process where students gain knowledge and understanding through working together with others, collaboration and shared discussions.

Experimental learning- this approach emphasizes hands-on experience, reflection and practical application activities like simulations, experiments and real life problem-solving are key.