Hunting, fishing, and gathering were the Karuk people's traditional means of subsistence; salmon fishing in the Klamath River was particularly important. With elaborate basket weaving, artwork, and rituals closely linked to their surroundings, they created a vibrant culture. The annual World Renewal Ceremonies, which include the Jump Dance, are part of the tribe's spiritual rituals and are intended to preserve harmony and balance in the natural world. These rituals are still performed today as a sign of resiliency and cultural pride.

With a sizable population centered around the Klamath River in communities like Orleans, Happy Camp, and Yreka, California, the Karuk Tribe is now federally recognized. Due to the fall in salmon populations brought on by dam construction and environmental degradation, they are actively involved in environmental conservation activities, especially those aimed at restoring salmon numbers. With an emphasis on economic development, cultural preservation, and communal well-being, the tribe runs its government, healthcare system, and educational initiatives.