Sam Boston

Neon Light

MoMA PS1, Long Island City, NY

When you see a shining neon light, what you are really looking at is a glass tube full of the noble gas, neon, at a low pressure. At each end of the tube is an electrode, one of which is positive while the other is negative. When energy of a high enough voltage is applied to the tube, the kinetic energy of the neon gas increases, as does its heat and pressure. With this amount of energy, the atoms (with a full valence of electrons) or gain an electron and become positively or negatively charged. Each ion will become attracted to its respective electrode on the end of the tube.

Block Island Surfer

Block Island, RI

Ocean waves, to be put simply, are a collection of energy passing through water in a circular motion. This circular motion is what causes waves to push forward the pattern of ridges and troughs. The water inside of a wave does not travel as much as it may seem. In fact, the water essentially stays in the same place as it was before and after a wave comes through. The most common type of wave, surface waves (as seen here), is caused by wind and storms disturbing the surface of the water that builds over time.

Mirror Distortion

Camera Obscura, Edinburgh, UK

Often seen at fun houses or carnivals, these types of mirrors reflect the light that hits it in a way that distorts the image that it produces. Do to the curvature of the physical mirror itself, the light that hits it reflects off of it at a different angle than a flat mirror. The different angles of light reflection causes a distorted image to appear on the mirror such as this one. Here, due to the mirror's concave shape and the viewing point of the camera lens, everything becomes tall and skinny apart from the foot and calf in the center of the mirror.