The United States covers an area of 9.3 million square kilometers. The two representative mountains are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountains divide the major rivers of the United States. The rivers flowing from the east side of the Rocky Mountains flow into the Mississippi and the Messi Bay, and the rivers flowing from the west side flow into the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California. The United States has one of the longest rivers in the world-the Mississippi River, and the world's largest freshwater lake-Lake Superior. The United States is located in the mid-latitude zone north of the equator. The northeastern part of the United States has long and hot summers and cold winters. The southeastern part of the United States has hot summers and warm winters. The westward, the less precipitation. The Pacific coast is warm and dry in summer and humid in winter. Because of the large east-west span of the United States, the special geographical environment has formed many peculiar landscapes: rugged mountains, vast plateaus and deserts, and large barren basins.

It is precise because of the special geographical environment that American production is also affected. For example, the land near the Mississippi River is fertile and the river is convenient for transportation, so agriculture is mainly near the Mississippi River. There is an abundance of high-quality coking coal near the Ohio River, so this place is famous for the steel industry and the Ohio River provides cheap water transportation. Mountain areas are rich in mineral resources, plains are suitable for farming, and rivers provide hydropower resources. The western part of the United States is a typical plain, low-lying, flat, fertile soil, sufficient rainfall, and long growing period. Therefore, the Northwest is the most important agricultural area in the United States. The southern part of the United States also has these characteristics, but the southern climate is more comfortable, so the south is not only a place for the development of agriculture but also tourism. The Pacific Ocean is rich in fish and shellfish, so California along the Pacific Ocean is the second-largest fishery producer in the United States.

The eastern part of the United States and Europe are separated by the Atlantic Ocean, so it was the first place to receive European influence. The eastern United States is the earliest birthplace of the United States. Education and industry in this place are the most developed, so this place is the central nervous system of the United States. Washington, the capital of the United States, and New York City are both in the east. New York City is one of the busiest ports in the world and the center of finance, manufacturing, and transportation in the United States. The Midwest of the United States is also a major manufacturing area and a center of heavy industry, the more famous Chicago. Chicago is the region's largest industrial and commercial center, the largest grain trading market, the largest agricultural machinery manufacturing site, and the most important livestock and poultry market. The United States faces the Pacific Ocean on the west and the Atlantic Ocean on the east. These have created conditions for ocean transportation and promoted the development of international trade. The vicinity of some other rivers is also the main place for trade, commerce, and manufacturing.

Geography affects production in different regions, and people have different policy requirements for different products, which directly leads to people's choice of different parties. In the county elections from 1836 to the present, the main difference is the distribution of political regions between the north and the south. In the northern regions, there were federalists first, then the Whig Party, and then the Republican Party. The Republican Party was mainly distributed along the river. The economic, commercial, industrial and population density of these areas are all very important. From around 1836-19850, the issue of slavery also affected the results of presidential elections.

Among the major events affected by the geographical environment, the most well-known is the Civil War. The Civil War occurred after the Industrial Revolution. At this time, the industry was growing rapidly, and because of the convenience brought by industry, factories no longer needed a large number of workers. Therefore, industrial development centers like the West and the North hope to prohibit slavery and achieve National unity. However, the original planters in the South needed a large number of workers, and slaves were the cheapest workers. Therefore, the planters in the South wanted to retain slavery and hoped that slavery could expand to the west. The rapid development of industry in the north has resulted in the army in the north having more sophisticated weapons and equipment, while the army in the south is not as professional as the north. Although the north does not have the same abundance of food as the south when the food in the two places is not as abundant as the south After the consumption is over, the advantage of the North will be reflected. It is also very important that the industry in the north provides convenient transportation for the army. Soldiers can arrive in advance to prepare for battle. The commercial center in the north provides continuous financial support for the army. All of these are the reasons for the final victory of the North.