The continuity of life based on the inheritable nature of DNA.
Links between DNA and variation in phenotypes.
Variation in phenotypes as adaptive features.
The roles of DNA in both carrying instructions to the next generation and determining phenotype.
The relationship between DNA, alleles, genes and chromosomes.
The way in which genotype determines phenotype.
The way chromosomes exist as pairs so that individuals inherit two copies of each gene.
The significance of an allele as an alternative version of a gene.
The role of mutations in forming new alleles.
The role of meiosis in generating gametes (students are not required to provide the names of the stages of meiosis).
The significance of sexual reproduction (in producing a new mix of alleles).
The patterns of inheritance involving simple monohybrid inheritance showing complete dominance, sex determination, possible genotypes and phenotype ratios.
Inheritable and non-inheritable variations that exist within a group of living organisms.
Differing rates of survival by various members of a group may depend on their phenotype.
The importance of variation within populations (population and species survival) in a changing environment such as pest infestation, disease, drought or flood.
The advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction.
Gene, allele, mutation, genotype, phenotype, gamete, zygote,
Dominant, recessive, homozygous, heterozygous, pure breeding,
Punnett square and pedigree chart.