When there is a chance-based situation, there are sets of possible outcomes that can be arranged into events. Probability is the chance of an event occurring. This can be represented with language or values (e.g., 0% - impossible or 100% certain). If all possible outcomes in a chance situation are equally likely, the probability of an event happening is a fraction where the numerator is the number of ways the event can happen, the denominator is the total number of possible outcomes. Data visualisations can be used to show what outcomes are possible and more likely. They can also be used to represent the results of a probability investigation.
S3-3: Investigate simple situations that involve elements of chance by comparing experimental results with expectations from models of all the outcomes, acknowledging that samples vary.
Numbers can be described in many different ways including as fractions. The whole is important in naming fractions. A fraction is relative to the size of the whole or unit. A comparison of a part to the whole can be represented using a fraction. A fraction describes the division of a whole (region, set, segment) into equal parts. The bottom number in a fraction tells how many equal parts the whole or unit is divided into. The top number tells how many equal parts are indicated. A fraction describes division and it can be interpreted on the number line in two ways.
NA2-1: Use simple additive strategies with whole numbers and fractions.
NA2-5: Know simple fractions in everyday use.
NA3-1: Use a range of additive and simple multiplicative strategies with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and percentages.
NA3-4: Know how many tenths, tens, hundreds, and thousands are in whole numbers.
NA3-5: Know fractions and percentages in everyday use.
NA3-6: Record and interpret additive and simple multiplicative strategies, using words, diagrams, and symbols, with an understanding of equality.