The pH Senor or Spectroscopy Sensor can fail after years of use. This failure can be the direct result of a buildup of residue on the sensor or the silicon being damaged by particles from the water being tested. This can lead to incorrect analysis of the water, making the user think it is safe when the water is polluted.
The product has the potential liability of battery damage. The Li-ion batteries can leak, ruining the sensors, or react with the water, causing a fire. Li-ion batteries have environmental impacts that can be harmful to wildlife when the product is discarded.
Software Incompatibilities is another liability of this product. The data analysis software could have errors in the code that cause it to falsely report the water to be clean or stop the device from working.
The Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W might run into software issues or hardware issues over the lifetime of the product. These potential errors from updates can lead to incorrect water analysis or the Raspberry Pi not reporting to the IoT server.
To ensure that the pH Sensor and Spectroscopy Sensor are both functioning properly, a calibration test can be implemented to see how the sensors are reporting data.
To avoid battery damage from causing any harm to the users or to the product, the Li-ion battery can be isolated from the system and made into a modular unit that is reinforced. This will ensure leaks do not enter any of the sensors and that the battery is well protected. The modular unit will ensure that when the battery needs to be replaced, the user can recycle it to lessen the environmental impact.
To ensure that the software and hardware do not run into issues down the line, updates can be made available by the Wi-Fi module to ensure that the product continues to function properly. These updates will be tested extensively before being released.