Research

As we shift from symmetry (r = 0.5) to natural asymmetry (r = 0.326) found in real human lungs,

• Particle filtration (χ) increases by 4.4% 

• Gas exchange surface area (ntb) decreases by 11.35% 

• Airflow resistance (ρ) increases by 14.47% 

• Airway volume (V) increases by 13.07%

Our lungs have evolved to emphasize protection against pathogens and toxins far more than maximizing breathing performance.

Asymmetry (r), Particle size(dp) and degree of bronchoconstriction (β) determines the way in which regional deposition is spread across the lungs. 

These are guidelines to be followed while determining patient-specific drug dosage as well as the design of drug delivery device (inhalers/nebulizers).

Detailed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies reveal how asymmetric bifurcations affect particle transport and deposition in human airways

A 1D "Trumpet" model of the lung couples virus-laden droplet transport, deposition, muco-cilliary clearance and virus kinetics in human airways - predicting disease development and immune response.