Electric Dipole Moment
My Ph.D. dissertation: Permanent electric dipole moments of closed shell atoms
If our universe started with a big bang then matter and antimatter should have created in an equal amount then why we see mostly matter around us? (matter-antimatter asymmetry puzzle?).
The complex phases in CKM (\delta_13) and PMNS (\delta_cp) matrix are the only sources of CP-violation in the well celebrated Standard Model (SM) of particle physics that are not sufficient to explain the above asymmetry. Since SM is an incomplete theory owing to the fact that,
In SM neutrinos are massless which is not true and well established now from the oscillation experiments.
Nature of dark matter and energy (no dark matter candidate in SM).
SM doesn't say anything about gravity.
Fine tuning problem (why CP is conserved in strong sector).
many more ...
In order to explain above issues particle physicists have gone beyond SM (SUSY models, multi-Higgs model, LR symmetric model, etc.) by adding new particles and forces which most of the times come with additional CP-violating sources which in turn can explain Shakarov's CP-violation.
Low energy high precision table top experiments has the potential probe Permanent EDM of a diamagnetic atom is the clean signature of the violation of fundamental discrete symmetries such as parity (P) and time-reversal (T). T-violation implies CP-violation on considering CPT theorem. In order to explore such violations accurate atomic many-body calculations are required, for which, I developed advanced relativistic atomic many-body methods (e.g. MBPT(3), RPA, CCSD(T)) for closed-shell atomic systems to evaluate (i) ground-state static electric dipole polarizability to verify our codes by comparing with the experimental values, and (ii) permanent electric dipole moments (EDMs) of the experimentally interesting atomic systems.
Shakarov's Criterion (1967) for the asymmetry (Baryogengesis):
Baryon number violation.
C-symmetry and CP-symmetry violation.
Interactions out of thermal equilibrium.