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So William was sentenced to 10 years hard labour and initially seems to have been at Newgate Prison in London and then sent to Millbank Prison, where he had started his first prison term, 10 years earlier. After 9 months(?) in solitary at Millbank, working as a tailor, he was moved to Portsmouth Prison where he worked as a labourer. He remained there for 9 years, eventually being freed in 1868.
I haven’t found any information about his second term in prison though presumably he again petitioned for his release. The main events during this time were happening outside the prison (see next section) and I assume that he didn't know what was going on. There were no letters in the archives between Anne and William during his first prison sentence but this may be because the very infrequent letters that couples were allowed to send to each other were not usually kept. So it is impossible to know what letters were sent during the second imprisonment but presumably, at some point, they stopped writing.