Rowtor / Ashover

The Eyres of Derbyshire were a family who had everything - wealth, power, influence, and also money !

They lost everything over the course of 150 years - mainly through persecution because of their religion. The Eyres were Catholics - and whereas many other landowning families seemed to "conform" the Eyres steadfastly stood by their religious beliefs - whatever the cost.

For a family that had arrived in England with William the Conqueror in 1066, their rise was rapid - but with the reformation (and with it the demand that people conform to the new Church of England) their decline commenced. As Catholics (often refered to as resucants) they were barred from holding any kind of office, and gradually they lost many of their lands and titles.

North Lees Hall, nr Hathersage - one of the many Eyres homes - pictured above - and still standing in 2012

The family (according to tradition) came over from Normandy with William in 1066, and were called Truelove. The legend says that William was injured (his nose-plate crushing his face) and that Truelove came to his rescue and released the helmet. William then said "thou hast given me the air that I breathe - henceforth you will be know as Air (Eyr)".

There are only 2 problems with this story - (1) the Norman soldiers did not wear helmets of this type, and (2) Truelove was an Anglo-Saxon name - not a Norman one !!!!

(This Truelove was later injured in the Battle himself - losing a leg - and from then on the coat of arms of the Eyres featured a single leg).

Whatever the truth the family were certainly rewarded not long after the Battle of Hastings with lands in the Peak District, centred on the village of Hope.

This part of the Peak was a Royal Forest (given by William to his son William Peveril) and was largely reserved as a Royal hunting forest. William (the son) built Peveril Castle at Castleton, and the Eyres were "foresters of fee" looking after the area for their master.

William le Heyr (Derbyshire) who died in 1299 held an appointment of "Hereditary Forester of the Peak", in 1250. This was a royal appointment and for this service he was allowed a bovate of land at Hope. Robert, William's son continued in the position on his father's death. This is the earliest record of the Eyre family in Derbyshire. It appears highly likely that William le Eyr is the ancestor of most Derbyshire EYRE families.

Robert Eyre (bap.1392), the third son of Sir Nicholas Eyre and his wife Joana Barlow, at Hope Derbyshire. His brothers were, Nicholas Eyre the eldest who settled in Maltby, Yorkshire and William Eyre the second son who settled in North Lees, Derbyshire (pictured above).

Over the next century, the family increased their influenence by acting as overseers - looking after land locally on behalf of gentry based elsewehere - and their power and influence increased.

They acquired land for themselves and were particularly adept at marrying-off their sons to wealthy daughters (especially if those daughters were the heiresses to vast estates which would then come under the Eyre influence).

For example, Robert Eyre married Joanna Padley - daughter and sole heiress of Padley - and so the Padley estates (nr Hathersage, Derbyshire) came into the family. (Padley Chapel, all that remains of Padley Hall, is pictured below).

The couple met secretly at Stony Middleton, a quite place in the Hope Valley, where later in their marriage Joanna built a chapel to commemorate the safe return of Robert from the Battle of Agincourt in 1415 (the church bell still mentions this). They were married around 1421.

The couple also largely re-built Hathersage Church and their magnificent brasses can still be seen in the nave.

Over the next few hundred years the family established based right across the county and beyond - setting-up each son to launch a new "branch" of the family.

William Eyre bap.1390 founded the North Lees branch of the family. William was the 3rd son of Sir Nicholas Eyre (c1370).

In the fourteenth century the manor of Highlow Hall passed by marriage into the Eyre family when Nicholas already heir to the manorial holdings of Hope, married the younger of the two Archer sisters. (He is alleged to have dated both Archers sisters, and neither knew he was seeing the other ! When he was found out, he chose the younger sister, and the eldest is said to have disappeared).

Highlow Hall - said today to be the most haunted house in Derbyshire - is pictured below. His seven sons all lived within eye-sight at the Halls of Moorseats, Shatton, Nether Shatton, Hazelford, Offerton, Crook Hill and Northlees, and the family has a signalling system from the main house to alert the others when their presence was needed.

Roger Eyre (bap 1428), the fourth son of Robert Eyre and his wife Joana de Padley, married Elizabeth Whittington heiress of the Whittington estates. (He is buried in Whittington Church - and a stained glass window commemorates his life)

Roger Eyre settled at Holme Hall, Chesterfield about 1450, as leasee, probably, under the priory of Lenton.

Anthony Eyre (bap. 1508) a great grandson of Roger Eyre of Holme Hall, married Elizabeth Pole of Radborn, Derbyshire. They had taken residence at Kiverton and Laughton in Yorkshire. Anthony and his first son Gervase Eyre (bap.1545) purchased the property of Newbold.

(The great manor of Newbold, described in the Domesday survey as having six berwicks, of which Chesterfield was one, was parcel of the ancient demesne of the crown. It afterwards belonged to the abbot and convent of Welbeck. At the time of the dissolution of the monasteries, it was parcel of the possessions of Beauchief Abbey, and it appears to have been granted to Sir William West whose son John West sold it in 1570 to Anthony and Gervase Eyre).

Thomas Eyre (bap 1518 died 1595) - a great grandson of Roger Eyre - lived at Dunston - next to Holme Hall - and raised his family there, until the manor was sold to the Leakes.

(Mathew de Hathersage gave the manor of Dunston and Holme Hall, to the prior and convent of Lenton in Nottinghamshire. King Henry the VIII, granted it to Francis Leake).

By 1600, the various branches of the Eyres were Lords of the Manor in over 20 places and controlled huge areas of the North Derbyshire Peak District.

All was going well - very well indeed - until the time of Henry VIII and his break with the Catholic Church. The storm clouds were gathering, and resultant fallout was going to effect every branch of the Eyre family.

(The Padley original surname is though to have been Bernake - and they acquired the Padley name when they settled there).

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