Unit 5: Solutions, Acids & Bases

PSc 2.1.2

• Develop a conceptual model for the solution process with a cause and effect relationship involving forces of attraction between solute and solvent particles. A material is insoluble due to a lack of attraction between particles.
• Interpret solubility curves to determine the amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent (typically water) at a given temperature.
• Qualitatively explain concentration of solutions as saturated, unsaturated or supersaturated; dilute or concentrated.

PSc.2.2.6 Summarize the characteristics and interactions of acids and bases.

• Recognize common inorganic acids including hydrochloric (muriatic) acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid and citric acid.
• Recognize common bases including sodium bicarbonate, and hydroxides of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, barium and ammonium.
• Define acids and bases according to the Arrhenius theory.
• Develop an understanding of the pH scale and the classification of substances therein.
• Generalize common characteristics of acids and bases– pH range, reactivity with metals and carbonates (acids) or fats/oils (bases), conductivity.
• Relate general household uses of acids and bases with their characteristic properties.
• Explain what happens in a neutralization reaction, identifying each component substance.