Answers to Practice Questions

I cannot guarantee the correctness of all of these answers. For the most part they are accurate, but some errors exist.

CHAPTER 1

1. a) 15 kgm/s[U] b) 2.0 X 10³ kgm/s[Forward] c) 9.1 X 10^-24 kgm/s[Forward] d) 1.8 X 10²⁹ kgm/s[F]

2. 80 N.S [E], 6 N.S [F], 3.5 X 10² N.S[D], 1 N.S [opposite the ball's orig dir], 1.5 N.S [opposite the car's orig dir]

3. 0.60 kgm/s[L], 0.60 kgm/s[L] 4) 1.6 kgm/s[back], 1.6 kgm/s[back], 0.64 N[back] 5) 3.0 m/s

6. 3.6 X 10⁴kgm/s, 3.6 X 10⁴N.S 7) 3.6 N.S, 80 m/s 8) 1.0 X 10³N, 2.0 X 10^-2s 9) 2.3 X 10³N

10. 2.0 m/s[Forward] 11) 2.9 m/s[forward] 12) 0.42 m/s[L], 0.87 m/s[L], 0.38 m/s[L]

13. 2.8 s 14) -8.0 X 10⁵m/s, -4.0 X 10⁴N, 5.0 X 10^-4s, -20 N.S, 20 kgm/s 15) 11 m/s

16. 9.6 m/s 17) 1.4 X 10⁶m/s 18) 0.10 m/s, 0.20m/s 19) 8.7 cm/s 20) no effect

21. 3.0 m/s 22) 11 m/s[E 37 S] 23) [W 28 N], 1.0 X 10^-20kgm/s, 2.8 X 10⁴m/s[W 28 N]

24. 2.02 X 10²m/s, 4.76^o 25) -0.10 m/s, 12 s, 1.2 m from capsule, 0

26. -9.4 m/s, 7.5 X 10²N.S, 3.9 X 10⁴N, 1.5 X 10⁴N 27) 1.2 X 10³kgm/s, -4.0 X 10²N, 30 m

28. -6 X 10³N, 1.0 X 10^-1m

CHAPTER 2

3. 3.9 x 10⁹J, 5.8 X 10⁴J, 1.5 X 10³J, 0, 18 J 4) 6.0 X 10³J, -1.5 X 10³J 5) 10 J, 20 J, 2.0 m/s

6. 8.0 X 10²J, 3.2 X 10²J 7) 71 kgm/s 8) 4.6 X 10^-17J 9) 1.9 X 10²m/s

10. 4.3 X 10³J, 8.0 m, -4.3 X 10³J 13) 0.12 m, 1.5 J 14) 1.0 J, 8.0 J, 6.7 m/s 15) 15 m/s, 16 m/s

16. 19 J, 4.4 m/s, 1.0 m 17) 3.9 J, 0.89 m/s, 4.5 X 10²m/s 18) 12 m 19) 9.9 m/s, 29 N

20. 3.2 m, 77 J 21) 1.8 X 10¹⁰J, 5.5 X 10³m/s 22) 1.4 X 10⁹J

23. -3.03 X 10¹⁰J, 1.52 X 10¹⁰J, 1.52 X 10¹⁰J, 94% 24) 6.16 X 10⁵m/s

25. 2.0 J, 2.8 m/s, 1.4 X 10²m/s, 1.0 X 10²J 26) 4.0 m/s[R], 8.0 m/s[R], 12 J 27) 2.7 m/s, 10.7 m/s

28. 0.080 m/s, 0.32 m/s, 0.16 m/s, 1.9 X 10^-2J, 9.8 X 10^-3J

29. -0.40 m/s, 0.15 m/s, 0, stored in spring bumper 30) 0.80 m/s, 0.64 J, -1.6 N, -4.8X10²J

heat, noise, and deformation

CHAPTER 3

1. 1.2 x 10^-5N, 1.5 X 10^-6N, 3.3 X10^-7N 2) 9.0 X 10^-6N, 5.8 X 10^-6N, 4.0 X 10^-6N

3. 6.2 N[outwards, 150^o away from each side] 4) 1.0 X 10^-3N

5. 8.2 X 10^-8N, 3.6 x 10^-47N, electrostatic force, 2.2 X 10⁶m/s, 1.5 X 10^-16s

6. 1.0 X 10^-8C, same sign, 4.0 X 10^-8C & 2.0 X 10^-8C, opposite signs 7) 1.3 X 10⁶N/C

8. 5.4 X 10⁵N/C[R] 9) 1.2 X 10⁵N/C[u] 10) 3.0 X 10³N/C 11) 6.0 N[R], 4.3 X 10^-3N[L]

12. 3.2 X 10⁷N/C[R] 13) 5.8 X 10⁵N/C[R] 14) -1.8 X 10^-6C 16) 43 J 17) 4.0 X 10^-15J

18. 2.3 X 10^-12J 19) 2.0 X 10²V 20) 2.3 X 10^-12N 21) -28.8 N/C, -14.4 V

22. 4.7 X 10^-19C, + or - 3 electrons 23) 49 V 24) -3.6 X 10³V, 9.0 X 10³N/C

25. 4.2 X 10³N/C, 2.9 X 10^-3N, 2.9 X 10^-5N, 7.0 X 10^-9C 26) 1.6 X 10^-3C

27. 4.4 X 10⁵m/s, 3.1 X 10⁵m/s 28) 1.2 X 10^-16J 29) 1.3 X 10⁷m/s 30) 68 V

31. 1.6 X 10^-14 m

CHAPTER 4

1. 9.0 X 10²C 2) 20 s 3) 3.1 X 10¹⁸ 4) 3.6 X 10²C 5) 2.0 X 10³s 6) 9.60 X 10⁴J

7. 1.5 X 10²s 8) 1.6 X 10^-13J 9) 1.2 X 10²V 10) 9.5 A 11) 2.4 X 10² V

12. 1.5 X 10³A, 3.0 X 10⁹J 13) 0.33 h, 2.2 X 10⁵C, 2.6 X 10⁶J

CHAPTER 5

1. 50 V 2) 7 A 3) 3V, 9V, 1A, 4A 4) 20V, 16V, 16V, 6A, 1A 5) 3.6 X 10² W

6. 25 A 7) 0.40 A 8) 2.4 X 10²V 9) 68 W 10) 18 W

11. 1.6 X 10²W, 20 W, 15 V 12) 90 W, 2.5 W, 12W 13) 16 W

14. 54 V, 36 V, 4.5 A, 4.5 A, 8.0 W, 15) 120 V, 120 V, 9 A, 20 W, 13.3 W

16. 15 V, 60 V, 1.5 A, 1.5 A, 1.5 A, 40 W 17) 180 V, 180 V, 180 V, 180 V, 3 A, 3 A, 12 A

18. 30 V, 30 V, 90 V, 6 A, 1 A, 5 A, 6 A

19) a) 10 W, 12 W, 4.8 v b) 36 V, 18 W, 6 W c) 4 W, 1 A, 5 A, 3.3 A, 1.6 A, 1.1 A

d) 3.0 A, 2.0 W, 6.0 W e) 1.5 A, 1.5 A, 0.30 A, 0.90 A, 0.30 A, 4.2 V, 1.8 V, 1.8 V, 1.8 V

20. 2.2 x 10⁴J 21) 3.6 X 10³W, 3.5 A 22) 8.3 A, 17 A, 4.1 X 10³W

CHAPTER 6

4. 0.75 N 5) 4.0 X 10^-5T 6) 0.35 N 9) 0.13 T 10) 0.35 N 11) 1.8 A

12. 6.1 X 10 ^-13N[vertically down] 13) 2.7 X 10^-14N 14) 3.2 X 10^-17N[horizontally towards wire]

15. 7.0 X 10^-1A 16) 7.4 X 10³A 17) 3.4 X 10^-27kg 18) 7.0 m

CHAPTER 7

1. 0.75 V, 3.0 V, 4.5 V, 4.5 V 2) 16 mA 7) 3 X 10^-18m 8) 1.6 wavelengths 9) N - S

11. 1.7 X 10¹⁰Hz, 9.4 X 10^-3m, 5.0 X 10⁶m, 4.6 X 10¹⁴Hz 12) 0.24 s

18. 6700 m to 10 000 m, 7.6 X 10^-3m to 1.1 X 10^-2 m

CHAPTER 8

2. down, down, into page 4) 1.0 Xx 10 ¹⁰C/kg 5) 5.2 X 10⁶m/s

6. brighter - more electrons, brighter & not deflected as much, dot becomes dimmer

8. 5.0 X 10³eV, 3.1 eV, 1.8 eV, 1.4 eV 9) 0.28 eV 12) copper, barium

13. 1.63 X 10^-18J, 10.2 eV 14) 2.8 X 10¹⁷photons/cm².s 15) 5.04 X 10 ^-7m

16. 1.0 X 10^-19J, -0.64 V 17) 1.38 eV 18) electrostatic forces

19. + or - 135^o < angle < + or - 180^o 20) 10, 500 21) 5.1 X 10^-14m 22) 6.1 times

23. 4.82 eV, 6.41 eV, 7.23 eV, 516 nm, 782 nm 1517 nm 24) 2.1 eV 25) 1.82 eV

26. 412 nm, 7.3 X 10¹⁴Hz

CHAPTER 9

1. 1.5 eV, 3,3 eV 2) 10.4 ev |-----------------

3. 3.9 eV 4) 4.9 eV, 6.7 eV, 1.8 eV 8.84 eV |-----------------

5. 8.00 X 10^-26 kgm/s 6) 0.73 nm |

7. 1.5 X 10¹⁵ Hz, 9.9 X 10^-19J, 6.2 eV, 3.3 X 10^-27kgm/s 6.67 eV |-----------------

8. 3.3 X 10^-24kgm/s, 1.1 X 10^-32kg |

9. 2.2 X 10^-35m, 3.0 X 10^-12 m, 1.5 X 10^-8m |

10. 4.1 X 10^-7m, 5.5 X 10^-10m 11) 67 eV 4.86 eV |-----------------

12. 1.23 X 10^-10m 13) 3.21 X 10^-10m, equal |

15. 488 nm 16) 4.4 X 10^-40:1 17) 64 |

18. 122 nm, 103 nm, 654 nm 19) 3.4 eV |

20. n = 8 to n = 2 0 eV |-----------------

21. 0.31 eV, 0.65 eV, 0.96 eV, 1.9 eV, 2.6 eV, 2.9 eV, 10.2 eV, 12.1 eV, 12.8 eV, 13.1 eV

22. n = 4.3 X 10³, -7.4 X 10^-7eV

24. alpha because charge is 2e, beta because of small mass and large charge - to - mass ratio

25. spinthariscope, cloud chamber, cloud chamber, geiger counter, cloud chamber

26. 0.10 MBq, 1.6 X 10⁵Bq, 44 Bq 27) 8.4 X 10⁸

CHAPTERS 10

For ease of processing, the symbols are written as they are. The proper notation would normally have

the second superscript as a subscript under the first superscript.

1. a) ¹²C⁶, 6, 6, 6 b) ⁶⁵C²⁹, 29, 29, 36 c) ²⁵Mg¹², 12, 12, 13 d) ⁶⁰Ni²⁸, 28, 28, 32

e) ²³⁸U⁹², 92, 92, 146

2. a) 82, ^oe^-1 b) 214, 84 c) 226, 88 d) ⁴He² e) ³H¹ 3) b, b, b, a 4) a, a, a, b, b

5. 80 g, 20 g, 5 g 6) 75.0 d 7) 8.0 d 9) 6h, 8 kBq, 2 kBq, 0.5 kBq

10. No charge \ no electrostatic forces.

11. a) 239, 94 b) ⁴He² c) 3. 2 d) 20, 10 e) ¹²C⁶ f) ²¹²Po⁸⁴ g) ¹³C⁶

12. 10 and 17, ²⁰Na¹¹ + ¹H^{1 _____}> ⁴He² + ¹⁷Ne¹⁰

13. a) ³⁰Si¹⁴ b) ¹³C⁶ c) ⁸Be⁴ d) ¹H¹ e) ²H¹ f) ²⁴Na¹¹ g) ¹⁷O⁸ 14) 21 Gy

15. 1.8 X 10¹⁷J, 3.6 X 10¹⁵J, 9.0 X 10⁹J 16) 4.4 X 10⁹kg/s 17) 2.5 X 10²¹atoms, 8.9 X 10^-4kg