Use the kinetic-molecular theory to explain the following properties of gases: expansion, fluidity, low density, compressibility, and diffusion.
Describe the conditions under which a real gas is most likely to behave ideally.
How does the kinetic-molecular theory explain the pressure exerted by gases?
What happens to gas particles when a gas is compressed?
Describe the liquid state according to the kinetic-molecular theory.
List the properties of liquids.
How does the kinetic-molecular theory explain the following properties of liquids: (a) relatively high density, (b) ability to diffuse, and (c) ability to evaporate?
Describe the solid state according to the kinetic- molecular theory.
What is the difference between an amorphous solid and a crystalline solid?
Account for each of the following properties of solids:
(a) the definite volume
(b) the relatively high density
(c) the extremely low rate of diffusion.
What is equilibrium?
What happens when a liquid-vapor system at equilibrium experiences an increase in tem- perature? What happens when it experiences a decrease in temperature?
What would be an example of deposition?
What is the equilibrium vapor pressure of
a liquid? How is it measured?
What is the boiling point of a liquid?
In the phase diagram for water, what is meant by the triple point and the critical point?
Why is a water molecule polar?
How is the structure of water responsible for some of water’s unique characteristics?
Describe the arrangement of molecules in liquid water and in ice.
Why does ice float? Why is this phenomenon important?