multiple website with koha

There are many different ways you can configure Apache to host multiple sites, ranging from the simple to the complex. Here we're only going to cover the basics with the use of the NameVirtualHost directive. The advantage of this approach is that you don't need to hard-wire any IP addresses, and it will just work^tm. The only thing you need is for your domain names to resolve to the IP address of your webserver.

For example if you have an Apache server running upon the IP address 192.168.1.1 and you wish to host the three sites example.com, example.net, and example.org you'll need to make sure that these names resolve to the IP address of your server.

(This might mean that you need example.com and www.example.com to resolve to the same address. However that is a choice you'll need to make for yourself).

Since we'll be hosting multiple websites on the same host it makes a lot of sense to be very clear on the location of each sites files upon the filesystem. The way I suggest you manage this is to create a completely seperate document root, cgi-bin directory, and logfile directory for each host. You can place these beneath the standard Debian prefix of /var/www or you may use a completely different root - I use /home/www.

If you've not already done create the directories to contain your content, etc, as follows:

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.com

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.com/htdocs

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.com/cgi-bin

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.com/logs

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.net

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.net/htdocs

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.net/logs

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.net/cgi-bin

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.org

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.org/htdocs

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.org/logs

root@irony:~# mkdir /home/www/www.example.org/cgi-bin

Here we've setup three different directory trees, one for each site. If you wanted to have identical content it might make sense to only create one, and then use symbolic links instead.

The next thing to do is to enable virtual hosts in your Apache configuration. The simplest way to do this is to create a file called /etc/apache2/conf.d/virtual.conf and include the following content in it:

# We're running multiple virtual hosts.

NameVirtualHost *

(When Apache starts up it reads the contents of all files included in /etc/apache2/conf.d, and files you create here won't get trashed on package upgrades.)

Once we've done this we can create the individual host configuration files. The Apache2 setup you'll find on Debian GNU/Linux includes two directories for locating your site configuration files:

/etc/apache2/sites-available

This contains configuration files for sites which are available but not necessarily enabled.

/etc/apache2/sites-enabled

This directory contains site files which are enabled.

As with the conf.d directory each configuration file in the sites-enabled directory is loaded when the server starts - whilst the files in sites-available are completely ignored.

You are expected to create your host configuration files in /etc/apache2/sites-available, then create a symbolic link to those files in the sites-enabled directory - this will cause them to be actually loaded/read.

Rather than actually messing around with symbolic links the Debian package includes two utility commands a2ensite and a2dissite which will do the necessary work for you as we will demonstrate shortly.

Lets start with a real example. Create /etc/apache2/sites-available/www.example.com with the following contents:

# Example.com (/etc/apache2/sites-available/www.example.com)

ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com

ServerName www.example.com

ServerAlias example.com

# Indexes + Directory Root.

DirectoryIndex index.html

DocumentRoot /home/www/www.example.com/htdocs/

# CGI Directory

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /home/www/www.example.com/cgi-bin/

Options +ExecCGI

</Location>