National barley research program has been enjoying fantastic collaboration with international research centres predominantly the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) and the International Center of Research In the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and also couple of CGIAR centers such as CIMMYT. Universities and aid organisations in Agriculture such as Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), USAID, Swedish Aid Agency (SIDA) and German International Cooperation (GIZ) has provided significant funding to support different projects of the national program over the past many years. Collaboration with ICARDA focused mainly on germplasm exchange and capacity building which contributed more than 24% of improved varieties released in Ethiopia from its elite breeding lines.