3. Relationship between gene, DNA and chromosome

1 Chromatin threads are long and thin structures found in the nucleus. During interphase of nuclear division, each chromatin thread would coil around itself to form a highly condensed structure known as the chromosome.

2 Each chromatin thread consists of one DNA molecule that wind around histone proteins.

3 Each DNA molecule exists as a double helix. DNA molecule contains many genes. Each gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific sequence of amino acids on a polypeptide chain.

4 When the DNA molecule is being unwind and further magnified, it consists of two strands of polynucleotides that are held by complementary base pairing.