Chord Structure as a
Framework for Improvisation
The chart below can function
as a key to understanding the
types and qualities of seventh
chords built on notes of the
C scale or any major scale.
Scale notes stacked vertically
in thirds 1, 3, 5, 7 (C-E-G-B)
as seen above the Roman
numerals produce seven
chords. Of these there are
four resultant chord types or
qualities:
Major 7th above I and IV
Minor 7th above II, III and VI
Dominant 7th above V
Minor 7th b5 above VII
Scale Tone 7th Chords
B C D E F G A
G A B C D E F
E F G A B C D
C D E F G A B
I II III IV V VI VII
Using this chart as a visual
aid, you'll find a number of
ways to practice these chords
up and down, individually and
in series. Playable in twelve
keys.Use the whole range of
your instrument. Many
exercises are possible.
Pentatonic (five note) scales
and resultant triads
The 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 notes of a
major scale along with
variants produce a unique
sequence of embedded
triads. May be stacked or
sequenced for improvisation.
A C D E G
E G A C D
C D E G A
Hexatonic Scales and Chords
Six note scales and resultant
triads have the characteristic
of being able to generate
rhythmic propulsion using
triplet figures (x2) spanning
an octave starting on any
note; examples include the
"symmetrical" whole tone and
blues scales; "diatonic"
versions can emphasize
major or minor qualities
depending on the starting
and ending notes. Both
types generate alternating
embedded triads.
Whole Tone Scale:
C,D,E,F#,G#,A# produces
alternating augmented triads.
Blues Scale: C,Eb,F,Gb,G,Bb
produces alternating
C,F,G(sus) and Eb minor triads
Hexatonic Scale: C,D,E,G,A,B
produces alternating
A minor and G major triads
Hexatonic (b7) Scale:
C,D,E,G,A,Bb produces
alternating
A minor and G minor triads
Chromatic Triplets and the
Diminished 7th
A diminished 7th chord being
comprised entirely of minor
thirds can be spelled simply
by observing where chromatic
triplets take you starting with
any note.
See also
Tools and Tips for playing the flute;
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Happy Music Making. Get Creative.
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About Michael McKenzie
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