Publications

PAPERS IN REFEREED JOURNALS (trainee’s names bolded) 

198.   G.E. Brown, A.L. Crane, E.E. Demers, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2022. Uncertain foraging opportunities and predation risk exert additive effects on induced neophobia in cichlids. Animal Behaviour 186: 21-28.

197. I.A.E. Rivera-Hernández, A.L. Crane, M.S. Pollock and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2022. Disturbance cues function as a background risk cue but not as an associative learning cue in tadpoles. Animal Cognition

196. G.H. Achtymichuk, A.L. Crane, O.M. Simko, H.E.F. Stevens and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2022. The choice of euthanasia techniques can affect experimental results in aquatic behavioural studies. Animal Behaviour 185:1-8

195. I.V. Kozii, S. Barnsley, M.C.B. da Silva, S.C. Wood, C.D. Klein, I.M. de Mattos, M.W. Zabrodski, R.C.M. Silva, C.I.O. Fabela, L. Guillemin, I. Dvylyuk, M.C.O. Ferrari and E. Simko. Reproductive fitness of honey bee queens exposed to thiamethoxam during development. Veterinary Pathology

194. D. Meuthen, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2021. Paternal care effects outweigh gamete-mediated and personal environment effects during the transgenerational estimation of risk in fathead minnows. BMC Ecology and Evolution 21: 1-15

193. M.S. Pollock, Z. Hoyle, M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2021. Disturbance cues facilitate associative learning of predators in a coral reef fish. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 75: 149.

192. D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, E.P. Fakan, R.P. Barry and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2021. Living in mixed species groups promotes predator learning in degraded habitats. Scientific Reports 11: 19335

191. Downie, A.T., Phelps, C.M., Jones, R., Rummer, J.L., Chivers, D.P., Ferrari, M.C.O. and McCormick, M.I. 2021. Exposure to degraded coral habitat depresses oxygen uptake rate during exercise of a juvenile reef fish. Coral Reefs, 1-7.

190. D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, E.P. Fakan, J.W. Edmiston and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2021. Coral degradation impairs learning of non‐predators by Whitetail damselfish. Functional Ecology.

189.     L.H. Sacco, C.P. Goater, T.D. Smith, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2021. Escape responses to simulated host versus nonhost predators in minnows exposed to a brain-encysting parasite. Animal Behaviour 173: 169-176.

188.    K.R. Bairos-Novak, A.L. Crane, G.H. Achtymichuk, J. Hsin, I.A.E. Rivera-Hernández, O.M. Simko, T.E. Wrynn, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2020. Forget the audience: tadpoles release similar disturbance cues regardless of kinship or familiarity. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 74: 1-10.

187.    A.L. Crane, D. Meuthen, H. Thapa, M.C.O. Ferrari and G.E. Brown. 2020. Early-life and parental predation risk shape fear acquisition in adult minnows. Animal Cognition: 1-11.

186.     M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers, M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. Blandford, G.B. Nanninga, C. Richardson, E.P. Fakan, G. Vamvounis, A.M. Gulizia and B.J.M. Allan. 2020. Microplastic exposure interacts with habitat degradation to affect behaviour and survival of juvenile fish in the field. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 287: 20201947.

185.     G.E. Brown, E.M. Demers, J.A. Goldman, A. Singh, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2020. Unpredictable risk enhances induced neophobia in northern red-bellied dace. Animal Behaviour 168: 121-127.   

184.     M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, E. Fakan, R. Barry and D.P. Chivers. 2020. The fading of fear effects due to coral degradation is modulated by community composition. Functional Ecology 34: 2120-2130.

183.     M.J. Sheriff, J.L. Orrock, M.C.O. Ferrari, R. Karban, E.L. Preisser, A. Sih and J. Thaler. 2020. Proportional fitness loss and the timing of defensive investment: a cohesive framework across animals and plants. Oecologia 193: 273-283.

182.     B. Luttbeg, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.T. Blumstein and D.P. Chivers. 2020. Safety cues can give prey more valuable information than risk cues. The American Naturalist 195: 636-648.

181.    A.L. Crane, G.E. Brown, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2020. Neophobia from cells to organisms to populations: a framework for responses. Biological Reviews 95: 218-231.

180.    D. Meuthen, M.C.O. Ferrari, T. Lane and D.P. Chivers. 2020. Predation risk drives age and sex-specific phenotypic plasticity in fish. Scientific Reports 9: 1-9.

179.    T. Lucon-Xiccato, A.L. Crane, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers. 2020. Exposure to predation risk reduces lateralization in fathead minnows. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology. 

178.    A.L. Crane, M.C.O. Ferrari, I.A.E. Rivera-Hernandez and G.E. Brown. 2019. Microhabitat complexity influences fear acquisition in fathead minnows. Behavioral Ecology 31: 261-266.

177.    R.M. Brooker, W.E. Feeney, T.L. Sih, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers. 2019. Comparative diversity of anemone-associated fishes and decapod crustaceans in a Belizean coral reef and seagrass system. Marine Biodiversity 49: 2609-2620.

176.   T.S. Garcia, E.M. Bredeweg, J. Urbina and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2019. Evaluating adaptive, carry‐over and plastic antipredator responses across a temporal gradient in Pacific chorus frogs. Ecology 100: e02825.

175.   M.E. Horn, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2019. Retention of learned predator recognition in embryonic and juvenile rainbow trout, Behavioral Ecology 30: 1575-1582.

174.   D. Meuthen, M.C.O. Ferrari, T. Lane and D.P. Chivers. 2019. High background risk induces risk allocation rather than generalized neophobia in the fathead minnow. Behavioral Ecology 30: 1416-1424.

173.    D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, E.P. Fakan, R.P. Barry, J.W. Edmiston and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2019. Coral degradation alters predator odour signatures and influences prey learning and survival. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 286: 20190562.

172.    L. Feyten, E. Demers, I.W. Ramnarine, D.P. Chivers, M.C.O. Ferrari and G.E. Brown. 2019. Who’s where? Ecological uncertainty shapes neophobic predator avoidance in Trinidadian guppies. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 73: 1-10.

171.    A.L. Crane, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2019. Time-dependent latent inhibition of predator-recognition learning. Biology Letters 15: 20190183.

170.    A.L. Crane, K.R. Bairos-Novak, D.M. Jefferson, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2019. Predator invasions of a different type: novel foraging tactics heighten prey mortality. Aquatic Ecology.

169.    M.I. McCormick, M.C.O. Ferrari, E. Fakan, R.P. Barry and D.P. Chivers, Diet cues and their utility for risk assessment in degraded habitats. Animal Behaviour 152: 19-28.

168.    M.C.O. Ferrari, M. Horn and D.P. Chivers. Cognitive resonance: when information carry-over constrains cognitive plasticity. Functional Ecology 33: 703-711.

167.    K.R. Bairos‐Novak, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers 2019. A novel alarm signal in aquatic prey: Familiar minnows coordinate group defences against predators through chemical disturbance cues. Journal of Animal Ecology 53: 383-392.

166.    P.J. Anderson, M.D. Mitchell, K.J. Fedoroff, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2019. The effects of Selenomethionine on the escape behaviours of fathead minnows. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 77: 62-67.

165.    M.C.O. Ferrari, D.T. Warren, M.I. McCormick and D.P. Chivers. 2019. The cost of carryover effects in a changing environment: context-dependent benefits of a behavioural phenotype in a coral reef fish. Animal Behaviour 149: 1-5.

164.    D. Meuthen, M.C.O. Ferrari, T. Lane and D.P. Chivers. 2019. Plasticity of boldness: high perceived risk eliminates a relationship between boldness and body size in fathead minnows. Animal Behaviour 147: 25-32.

163.    K.R. Bairos-Novak, A.L. Crane, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2018. Better the devil you know? How familiarity and kinship affect prey responses to disturbance cues. Behavioral Ecology 30: 446-454.

162.    M.R. Hasan, A.L. Crane, N.P. Poulin, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2018. Altered acoustic environments influence boldness in minnows. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 209: 109-113.

161.    M. Naderi, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers and S. Niyogi. 2018. Maternal exposure to dietary selenium causes dopaminergic hyperfunction and cognitive impairment in zebrafish offspring. Environmental Science & Technology 52, 13574-13583.

160.    A.L. Crane, K.R. Bairos-Novak, L.H. Sacco and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2018. The socially mediated recovery of a fearful fish paired with periodically replaced calm models. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 285: 20180739.

159.    A.L. Crane, E.J. Helton, M.C.O. Ferrari and A. Mathis. 2019. Learning to find food: evidence for embryonic sensitization and juvenile social learning in a salamander. Animal Behaviour 142: 199-206.

158.    T. Lucon-Xiccato, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers and A. Bisazza. 2018. Odour recognition learning of multiple predators by amphibian larvae. Animal Behaviour 140: 199-205.

157.    M. Meekan, M.I. McCormick, S. Simpson, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2018. Never off the hook-fishing and predator-prey relationships in marine teleosts. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 6: 157.

156.    M.R. Hasan, A.L. Crane, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2018. A cross-modal effect of noise: the disappearance of the alarm reaction of a freshwater fish. Animal Cognition 21: 419-424.

155.    M. Naderi, A. Salahinejad, M.C.O. Ferrari, S. Niyogi, D.P. Chivers. 2018. Dopaminergic dysregulation and impaired associative learning behavior in zebrafish during chronic dietary exposure to selenium. Environmental Pollution 237: 174-185.

154.    M.D. Mitchell, A.L. Crane, K. Bairos-Novak, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2018. Olfactory cues of habitats facilitate learning about landscapes of fear. Behavioral Ecology 29: 693-700.

153.    A.L. Crane, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O Ferrari. 2018. Embryonic background risk promotes the survival of tadpoles facing surface predators. PLoS One, 13: e0193939.

152.    M.C.O. Ferrari, G.E. Brown and D.P. Chivers. 2018. Understanding the effects of uncertainty on the development of neophobic antipredator phenotypes. Animal Behaviour, 136: 101-106.

151.    M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, M.G. Meekan, S.D. Simpson, S. Nedelec and D.P. Chivers. 2018. School is out on noisy reef: the effect of boat noise on predator learning and survival of juvenile coral reef fishes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285: 20180033. Featured article in Nature

150.    G.E. Brown, E. Demers, P. Chuard, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2018. Personality and the retention of neophobic predator avoidance in wild caught Trinidadian guppies. Behaviour, 136: 101-106.

149.    A.L. Crane and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Learning of safety by a social fish: applications for studying post-traumatic stress in humans. Animal Behaviour, 132: 271-279.

148.    A.L. Crane and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Patterns of predator neophobia: a meta-analytic review. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 284: 20170583.

147.    R.A. Ramasamy, B.J.M. Allan, M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers, M.D. Mitchell and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Juvenile coral reef fish alter escape responses when exposed to changes in background and acute risk levels. Animal Behaviour, 134: 15-22.

146.    K.R. Bairos-Novak, M.D. Mitchell, A.L. Crane, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Trust thy neighbour in times of trouble: background risk alters how tadpoles release and respond to  disturbance cues. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 284: 20171465.

145.    M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, M.G. Meekan, S.A. Watson, P.L. Munday and D.P. Chivers. 2017. Predation in high CO2 waters: are prey fish from high-risk environments more susceptible to ocean acidification? Integrative and Comparative Biology, 57: 55-62.

144.    B.D. Demuth, M.C.O. Ferrari, L.P. Weber, D.M. Janz and D.P. Chivers. 2017. Exposure to contextually neutral stress potentiates fear conditioning in juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Hormones and Behavior, 94: 124-134.

143.    M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, M.D. Mitchell, B.J.M. Allan, E.J. Goncalves and D.P. Chivers. 2017. Daily variation in behavioural lateralization is linked to predation stress in a coral reef fish. Animal Behaviour, 133: 189-193.

142.    L.J. Holmes, J. McWilliams, M.C.O. Ferrari and M.I. McCormick. 2017. Juvenile damselfish are affected but desensitize to small motor boat noise. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 494: 63-68.

141.    T.S. Garcia, J.C. Urbina, E.M. Bredeweg and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Embryonic learning and developmental carry-over effects in an invasive anuran. Oecologia, 184: 623-631.

140.    M.D. Mitchell, K. Bairos-Novak and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Mechanisms underlying the control of responses to predator odours in aquatic prey. Journal of Experimental Biology, 220: 1937-1946.

139.    M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, B.J.M. Allan and D.P. Chivers. 2017. Not equal in the face of habitat change: closely related fishes differ in their ability to use predation-related information in degraded coral. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 284: 20162758. Recommended “Of Special Significance in its Field” by the faculty of 1000.

138.    M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers, B.J.M. Allan and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Habitat degradation disrupts neophobia in juvenile coral reef fish. Global Change Biology, 23: 719–727.

137.    D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, D.T. Warren, B.J.M. Allan, R.A. Ramasamy, B. Arvizu, M. Glue and        M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Competitive superiority versus predation savvy: the two sides of behavioural lateralization. Animal Behaviour, 130: 9-15.

136.    T. Lucon-Xiccato, D.P. Chivers, M.D. Mitchell and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Prenatal exposure to predation affects predator recognition learning via lateralization plasticity. Behavioral Ecology, 12: 20160560.

135.    A.L. Crane and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Evidence for risk extrapolation in decision making by tadpoles. Scientific Reports, 7: 43255.

134.    A.L. Crane, B.S. Demuth and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2017. Experience with predators shapes learning rules in larval amphibians. Behavioral Ecology, 28: 312-318.

133.    D.P. Chivers, M.D. Mitchell, T. Lucon-Xiccato, G.E. Brown and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. Background risk influences learning but not generalization of predators. Animal Behaviour, 121:185-189.

132.    G.E. Brown, C.D. Jackson, BJ. Joyce, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. Risk-induced neophobia: does sensory modality matter? Animal Cognition, 19: 1143-1150.

131.    D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, B.J.M. Allan, M.D. Mitchell, E.J. Gonçalves, R. Bryshun and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. At odds with the group: changes in lateralization and escape performance reveal conformity and conflict in fish schools. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 283: 20161127.

130.    D.T. Warren, J.M. Donelson, M.I. McCormick, M.C.O. Ferrari and P.L. Munday. 2016. Duration of exposure to elevated temperature affects competitive interactions in juvenile reef fishes. PloS One, 11: e0164505.

129.    B.J. Joyce, E.E. Demers, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers and G.E. Brown. 2016. Background predation  risk and learned predator recognition in convict cichlids: does risk allocation constrain learning? Ethology, 122: 841-849.

128.    G.D.H. Lienart, M.C.O. Ferrari and M.I. McCormick. 2016. Thermal environment and nutritional condition affect the efficacy of chemical alarm cues produced by prey fish. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 99: 729-739.

127.    M.D. Mitchell, M.C.O. Ferrari, T. Lucon-Xiccato and D.P. Chivers. 2016. Diet cues alter the development of predator recognition templates in tadpoles. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 70: 1707-1713.

126.    T. Lucon-Xiccato, D.P. Chivers, M.D. Mitchell and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. Making the dead talk: alarm cue-mediated antipredator behaviour and learning are enhanced when injured conspecifics experience high predation risk. Biology Letters, 12: 20160560.

125.    A.L. Crane and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. Uncertainty in risky environments: a high-risk phenotype interferes with social learning about risk and safety. Animal Behaviour, 119: 49-57.

124.    M.D. Mitchell, D.P. Chivers, G.E. Brown and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. Living on the edge: how does environment ‘riskiness’ affect the behavioural and cognitive ecology of prey? Animal Behaviour, 115: 185-192.

123.    J.R. Sloychuk, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. Juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) go to school: life-skills training for hatchery fish. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 145: 287-294.

122.    S.D. Simpson, A.N. Radford, S. Nedelec, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick and M.G. Meekan. 2016. Anthropogenic noise increases fish mortality by predation. Nature Communications, 7: 10544. ISI Highly Cited Contribution (Research Front), Featured article in Science.

121.    B.J. Joyce, E.E.M. Demers, D.P. Chivers, M.C.O. Ferrari and G.E. Brown. 2016. Risk-induced neophobia is constrained by ontogeny in juvenile convict cichlids. Animal Behaviour, 114: 37-43.

120.    M.C.O. Ferrari, A.L. Crane and D.P. Chivers. 2016. Certainty and the cognitive ecology of generalization of predator recognition. Animal Behaviour, 111: 207-211.

119.    M. Naderi, A. Jamwal, M.C.O. Ferrari, S. Niyogi and D.P. Chivers. 2016. Dopamine-receptors participate in the acquisition and consolidation of latent learning of spatial information in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 67: 21-30.

118.    D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, B.J.M. Allan and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2016. Risk assessment and predator learning in a changing world: understanding the impacts of coral reef degradation. Scientific Reports, 6: 32542.

117.     J. Vrtelova, M.C.O. Ferrari, A.K. Manek and D.P. Chivers. 2016. Consistent long-term behavioural traits are linked to morphological defences in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Behaviour,153: 15-30.

116.    S.D. Simpson, A.N. Radford, S. Holles, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick and M.G. Meekan. 2016. Small-boat noise impacts natural settlement behavior of coral reef fish larvae. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 875: 1041-1048.

115.    M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, B.J.M. Allan, R. Choi, R.A. Ramasamy, Jacob L. Johansen, M.D. Mitchell and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Living in a risky world: the onset and ontogeny of an integrated antipredator phenotype in a coral reef fish. Scientific Reports, 5: 15537.

114.     M.D. Mitchell, M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. Learning to distinguish between predators and non-predators: understanding the critical role of diet cues and predator odours in generalization. Scientific Reports, 5: 13918.

113.     A.L. Crane, A.G.E. Mathiron and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. Social learning in high-risk environment: incomplete disregard for the ‘minnow that cried pike’ results in culturally-transmitted neophobia. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282: 20150934. Featured article in Science.

112.     J.L. Orrock, A. Sih, M.C.O. Ferrari, R. Karban, E.L. Preisser, M.J. Sheriff and J.S. Thaler. 2015. Error management in plant allocation to herbivore defence. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 30: 441-445.

111.     G.E. Brown, E.E. Demers, B.J. Joyce, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Retention of neophobic predator recognition in juvenile convict cichlids: effects of background risk and recent experience. Animal Cognition, 18: 1331-1338.

110.    M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, B.J.M. Allan, R. Choi, R.A. Ramasamy and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Change in behavioural lateralization as a phenotypically plastic response to high-risk environments? Functional Ecology, 29: 1553-1559.

109.     D.P. Chivers, A.G.E. Mathiron, J. Sloychuck, and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. Responses of tadpoles to hybrid predator odour: strong maternal signatures and potential risk/response mismatch. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282: 20150365.

108.     M.C.O. Ferrari, G.E. Brown and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Time-sensitive neophobic responses to risk. Behaviour, 152: 1623-1635.

107.     A.G.E. Mathiron, A.L. Crane and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. Individual vs. social learning of predator information in fishes: does group size affect learning efficacy? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 69: 939-949.

106.     Cortesi, F., W.E. Feeney, M.C.O. Ferrari, P.A. Waldie, G.A.C. Phillips, E.C. McClure, H.N. Sköld, W. Salzburger, N.J. Marshall, K.L. Cheney. 2015. Phenotypic plasticity confers multiple fitness benefits to a coral reef fish mimic. Current Biology, 25: 949-954. Featured article in Outside JEB.

105.     D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. The effect of group size and tutor-to-observer ratio on socially learned antipredator responses in woodfrog tadpoles. Animal Behaviour, 104: 25-29.

104.     V. Wishingrad, A.B. Musgrove, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. Risk in a changing world: environmental cues drive anti-predator behaviour in Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) in the absence of predators. Behaviour, 52: 635-652.

103.     M.C.O. Ferrari, P.L. Munday, J.L. Rummer, M.I. McCormick, K.C. Corkill, B.J.M. Allan, M.G. Meekan, S.A. Watson and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Interactive effects of ocean acidification and global warming alter mortality and predator selectivity in reef fish communities. Global Change Biology, 21: 1848-1855.

102.     A.L. Crane and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. Minnows trust conspecifics more than themselves when faced with conflicting information about predation risk. Animal Behaviour, 100: 184-190.

101.     M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, M.G. Meekan and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Background level of riskand the survival of predator-naïve prey: can neophobia compensate for predator naivety in juvenile coral reef fishes? Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282: 2014197.

100.     M.C.O. Ferrari, A.L. Crane, G.E. Brown and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Getting ready for invasions: can background level of risk predict the ability of naïve prey to survive invasive predators? Scientific Reports, 5: 8309.

99.       G.E. Brown, C.K. Elvidge, I. Ramnarine, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2015. Background risk and recent experience influences retention of neophobic responses to predators. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 69: 737-745.

98.       H. Moore, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2015. Sub-lethal effects of Roundup on tadpole anti-predator responses. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 111: 281-285.

97.       V. Wishingrad, J. Sloychuk, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Alarm cues in Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, 1817: potential implications for life-skills training. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 30: 1441-1444.

96.       O.M. Lönnstedt, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Lionfish predators use flared fin displays to initiate cooperative hunting. Biology Letters, 10: 20140281.

95.       D.P. Chivers, R.A. Ramasamy, M.I. McCormick, S.-A. Watson, U. Siebeck and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Temporal constraints on risk assessment in a changing world. Science of the Total Environment, 500: 332-338.

94.       D.M. Jefferson, M.C.O. Ferrari, A. Mathis, K.A. Hobson, E. Britzke, A.L. Crane, A.R. Blaustein and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Shifty salamanders: transient trophic polymorphism within larval ambystomatid salamanders. Frontiers in Zoology, 11: 76.

93.       O.M. Lönnstedt, M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Coral degradation is threatening reef replenishment by making fish fearless. Journal of Animal Ecology, 83: 1178-1185.

92.       R.P. Manassa, D.L. Dixson, M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Social learning of predators by coral reef fish: does observer number influence acquisition of information? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 68: 1237-1244.

91.       D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, M.D. Mitchell, R.A. Ramasamy and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Background level of risk determines how prey categorize predators and non-predators. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 281: 20140355.

90.       V. Wishingrad, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Behavioural and morphological defences in a fish with a complex antipredator phenotype. Animal Behaviour, 95: 137-143.

89.       S.S. Killen, M.D. Mitchell, J.L. Rummer, D.P. Chivers, M.C.O. Ferrari, M.G. Meekan, and M.I. McCormick. 2014. Aerobic scope but not metabolic rate predicts dominance during early life in a tropical damselfish. Functional Ecology, 28: 1367-1376.

88.       V. Wishingrad, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Relative cost/benefit trade-off between cover-seeking and escape behaviour in an ancestral fish: the importance of structural habitat heterogeneity. Ethology, 120: 973-981.

87.       A.K. Manek, M.C.O. Ferrari, D.P. Chivers and S. Niyogi. 2014. Dissolved organic carbon ameliorates the effects of UV radiation on a freshwater fish. Science of the Total Environment, 490: 941-946.

86.       Y. Wang, M.C.O. Ferrari, Z. Hoover, A.M. Yousafzai, D.P. Chivers and S. Niyogi. 2014. The effects of chronic exposure to environmentally-relevant levels of waterborne cadmium on reproductive capacity and behaviour in fathead minnows. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 67: 181-191.

85.       V. Wishingrad, M.K. Carr, M.S. Pollock, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Lake sturgeon geographic range, distribution, and migration patterns in the Saskatchewan River. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 143: 1555-1561.

84.       G.E. Brown, C.K. Elvidge, I. Ramnarine, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Personality and the response to predation risk: effects of information quantity and quality. Animal Cognition, 67: 181-191.

83.       G.D.H. Lienart, M.D. Mitchell, M.C.O. Ferrari and M.I. McCormick, M.I. 2014. Temperature and food availability affect risk assessment in an ectotherm. Animal Behaviour, 89: 93-97.

82.       D.M. Jefferson, K.A. Hobson, B.S. Demuth, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Frugal cannibals: how consuming conspecific tissues can provide conditional benefits to wood frog tadpoles (Lithobates sylvaticus). Naturwissenschaften, 101: 291-303.

81.       M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Short-term environmental variation in predation risk leads to differential performance in predation-related cognitive function. Animal Behaviour, 95: 9-14. Featured article in Animal Behaviour “In Focus”.

80.       A.K. Manek, M.C.O. Ferrari, S. Niyogi, and D.P. Chivers. 2014. The interactive effects of multiple stressors on physiological stress responses and club cell investment in fathead minnows. Science of the Total Environment, 476: 90-97.

79.       G.E. Brown, D.P. Chivers, C.K. Elvidge, C.D. Jackson and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Background level of risk determines the intensity of predator neophobia in juvenile convict cichlids. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 68: 127-133.

78.       D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Social learning of predators by tadpoles: does food restriction alter the efficacy of tutors as information sources? Animal Behaviour, 89: 93-97.

77.       D.P. Chivers, D.L. Dixson, J.R. White, M.I. McCormick and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. Degradation of chemical alarm cues and assessment of risk throughout the day. Ecology and Evolution, 3: 3925-3934.

76.       J.R. White, M.G. Meekan, M.I. McCormick and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. A comparison of measures of boldness and their relationships to survival in young fish. PLoS One, 8: e68900.

75.       O.M. Lonnstedt, P.L. Munday, M.I. McCormick, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2014. Ocean acidification and responses to predators: can sensory redundancy reduce the apparent impacts of elevated CO2 in coral reefs? Ecology and Evolution, 10: 3565-3575.

74.       Z. Hoover, J.N. Weisgerber, M.S. Pollock, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. Sub-lethal increases in salinity affect reproduction in fathead minnows. Science of the Total Environment, 463: 334-339.

73.       R.P. Manassa, M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. Social learning of predators in the dark: understanding the role of visual, chemical and mechanical information. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 280: 20130720.

72.       A.O.H.C. Leduc, P.L. Munday, G.E. Brown and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. Effects of acidification on olfactory-mediated behaviour in freshwater and marine ecosystems: a synthesis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 368: 20120447.

71.       D.P. Chivers, F. Al-Batati, G.E. Brown and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. The effect of turbidity on the recognition and generalization of predators and non-predators in aquatic ecosystems. Ecology and Evolution, 3: 268-273.

70.       D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. The adaptive value of ‘forgetting’ predators: understanding the importance of learning and generalization. Behavioral Ecology, 24: 1114-1121.

69.       M.C.O. Ferrari, L. Ranaker, K. Weinersmith, M. Young, A. Sih and L. Conrad. 2013. Effects of turbidity and an invasive waterweed on predation by introduced largemouth bass. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 97: 79-90.

68.       D.P. Chivers, M.I. McCormick, G. Nilsson, P.L. Munday, M. Meekan, S.A. Watson, M.D. Mitchell, K.C. Corkill and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2014. Impaired learning about predators and lower prey survival under elevated CO2: a consequence of neurotransmitter interference. Global Change Biology, 20: 515-522. ISI Highly Cited Contribution.

67.       M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2013. Temporal dynamics of information use in learning and retention of predator-related information in tadpoles. Animal Cognition, 16: 667-676.

66.       A.K. Manek, M.C.O. Ferrari, R.J. Pollock, D. Vicente, L. Weber and D.P. Chivers. 2013. Within and between population variation in epidermal club cell investment in a freshwater prey fish: a cautionary tale for evolutionary ecologists. PLoS One, 8: e56689.

65.       G.E. Brown*, M.C.O. Ferrari*, C.K. Elvidge, I. Ramnarine and D.P. Chivers. 2013. Phenotypically plastic neophobia: a response to variable predation risk. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 280: 1756 20122712 (*: co first-authors, in alphabetical order). ISI Highly Cited Contribution

64.       M.D. Mitchell, M.I. McCormick, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2013. Generalization of learned predator recognition in coral reef ecosystems: how cautious are damselfish? Functional Ecology, 27: 299-304.

63.       M.C.O. Ferrari, G.E. Brown and D.P. Chivers. 2012. Temperature-mediated changes in rates of predator forgetting in woodfrog tadpoles. PLoS One, 7: e51143.

62.       G.E. Brown, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2013. Why pre-stocking predator recognition training may not lead to post-stocking survival of hatchery-reared salmonids: lessons from behavioural ecology. Fisheries, 38: 16-25.

61.       G.E. Brown, P.H. Malka, L. Fregeau, L. Kayello, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2013. Retention of acquired predator recognition among shy versus bold juvenile rainbow trout. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 67: 43-51.

60.       Z. Hoover, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2013. The effects of sub-lethal salinity concentrations on the anti-predator responses of fathead minnows. Chemosphere, 90: 1047-1052.

59.       G.E. Brown, C.K. Elvidge, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2012. Understanding the importance of episodic acidification on fish predator-prey interactions: does weak acidification impair predator recognition? Science of the Total Environment, 439: 62-66.

58.       P.L. Munday, M.I. McCormick, M.G. Meekan, D.L. Dixson, S.A. Watson, D.P. Chivers and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2012. Selection for CO2 tolerance in marine fishes. Ocean Acidification, 1: 1-5.

57.       M.C.O. Ferrari, J. Vrtělová, G.E. Brown and D.P. Chivers. 2012. The role of uncertainty in learning and retention of predator information. Animal Cognition, 15: 807-813.

56.       J.Y. Bosinger, O.M. Lonnstedt, M.I. McCormick and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2012. Learning temporal patterns of risk in a predator-diverse environment. PLoS One, 7: e34535.

55.       M.C.O. Ferrari, R. Manassa, D.L. Dixson, P.L. Munday, M.I. McCormick, M.G., Meekan, A. Sih and D.P. Chivers. 2012. Effects of ocean acidification on learning in coral reef fishes. PLoS One 7:e31478. Top 10% most cited article in the Journal.

54.       O.M. Lonnstedt, M.I. McCormick, M.G. Meekan, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2012. Learn and live: predator experience and feeding history determine prey behaviours and survival. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 279: 2091-2098.

53.       M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, P.L. Munday, M.G. Meekan, D.L. Dixson, O. Lonnstedt and D.P. Chivers. 2012. Effects of ocean acidification on visual risk assessment of coral reef fishes. Functional Ecology, 26: 553-558. Featured article in Functional Ecology “Spotlight”.

52.       J.N. Pruit, J. Cote and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2012. Behavioural trait variants in a habitat-forming species dictate the nature of its interactions with and among heterospecifics. Functional Ecology, 26: 29-36.

51.       A.K. Manek, M.C.O. Ferrari, J. Sereda, S. Niyogi and D.P. Chivers. 2012. The effects of UV radiation on a freshwater prey fish: physiological stress response, club cell investment and alarm cue production. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 105: 832-841.

50.       M.C.O. Ferrari, M.I. McCormick, P.L. Munday, M.G. Meekan, D.L. Dixson, O. Loonstedt and D.P. Chivers. 2012. Putting prey and predator into the CO2 equation - qualitative and quantitative effects of ocean acidification on predator-prey interactions. Ecology Letters, 14: 1143-1148.

49.       R.J. Pollock, M.S. Pollock, M.C.O. Ferrari, S.G.W. Kaminskyj and D.P. Chivers. 2012. Do fathead minnows alter their club cell investment in responses to variable risk of infection from Saprolegnia? Journal of Fish Diseases, 35: 249-254.

48.       S. Leahy, M.I. McCormick, M.D. Mitchell and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2011. To fear or to feed: the effects of turbidity on perception of risk by a marine fish. Biology Letters, 7: 811-813.

47.       J. N. Pruitt and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2011. Friends or foes? Intraspecific trait variants determine the nature and magnitude of interspecific interactions in a habitat forming spider. Ecology, 92: 1902-1908.

46.       M.C.O. Ferrari, G.E. Brown, G.R. Bortolotti and D.P. Chivers. 2011. Prey behaviour across antipredator adaptation types: how does growth trajectory influence learning of predators? Animal Cognition, 14: 809-816.

45.       M.D. Mitchell, M.I. McCormick, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2011. Friend or foe? The role of latent inhibition in predator and non-predator labelling by coral reef fishes. Animal Cognition, 14: 707-714.

44.       M.C.O. Ferrari, D.L. Dixson, P.L. Munday, M.I. McCormick, M.G. Meekan, A. Sih and D.P. Chivers. 2011. Intrageneric variation in antipredator responses of coral reef fishes affected by ocean acidification: implications for climate change projections on marine communities. Global Change Biology, 17: 2980-2986.

43.       G.E. Brown, M.C.O. Ferrari, P.H. Malka, S. Russo, M. Tressider and D.P. Chivers. 2011. Generalization of predators and non-predators by juvenile rainbow trout: learning what is and what is not a threat. Animal Behaviour, 81: 1249-1256.

42.       G.E. Brown, M.C.O. Ferrari, P.H. Malka, M.-A. Oligny, M. Romano, M. and D.P. Chivers. 2011. Growth rate and retention of learned predator cues in juvenile rainbow trout: faster growing fish forget sooner. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 65: 1267-1276.

41.       M.D. Mitchell, M.I. McCormick, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2011. Coral reef fishes rapidly learn to identify multiple unknown predators upon recruitment to the reef. PLoS One, 6: e15764.

40.       M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P Chivers. 2011. Learning about non-predators and safe places: the forgotten elements of risk assessment. Animal Cognition, 14: 309-316.

39.       A. Sih, M.C.O. Ferrari and D. Harris. 2011. Evolution and behavioral responses to human-induced rapid environmental change. Evolutionary Applications, 4: 367-387. ISI Highly Cited Contribution.

38.       M.C.O. Ferrari, G.E. Brown, C.D. Jackson, P.H. Malka, and D.P. Chivers. 2010. Differential retention of predator recognition by juvenile rainbow trout. Behaviour, 147: 1791-1802.

37.       P.L. Munday, D.L. Dixson, M.I. McCormick, M.G. Meekan, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2010. Replenishment of fish populations is threatened by ocean acidification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 107: 12930-12934. Rated “Exceptional” by the Faculty of 1000 (the highest ranking), ISI Highly Cited Contribution.

36.       M.C.O. Ferrari, G.E. Brown, G.R. Bortolotti and D.P. Chivers. 2010. Linking predator risk and uncertainty to adaptive forgetting: a theoretical framework and empirical test using tadpoles. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 277: 2205-2210.

35.       M.C.O. Ferrari, C.K. Elvidge, C.D. Jackson, D.P. Chivers and G.E. Brown. 2010. Temporal variation and the responses to fish to predation risk: habituation or risk allocation?. Behavioral Ecology, 21: 532-536.

34.       M.C.O. Ferrari, A.K. Manek and D.P. Chivers. 2010. Temporal learning of predators by embryonic amphibians. Biology Letters, 5: 160-162.

33.       M.C.O. Ferrari, K.R. Lysak and D.P. Chivers. 2010. Turbidity as an ecological constraint on learned predator recognition and generalization in a prey fish. Animal Behaviour, 79: 515-519.

32.       M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2010. The ghost of predation future: Threat-sensitive and temporal assessment of risk by embryonic woodfrogs. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 64: 549-555.

31.       M.C.O. Ferrari, B.D. Wisenden and D.P. Chivers. 2010. Chemical ecology of predator-prey interactions in aquatic ecosystems: a review and prospectus. Canadian Journal of Zoology, Invited review, 88: 698-724. ISI Highly Cited Contribution.

30.       M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2009. Sophisticated early life lessons: generalization of predator recognition by frog embryos. Behavioral Ecology, 20: 1295-1298.

29.       M.C.O. Ferrari, A. Sih and D.P. Chivers. 2009. The paradox of risk allocation: a review and prospectus. Animal Behaviour, 78: 579-585. ISI Highly Cited Contribution.

28.       M.C.O. Ferrari, G.E. Brown, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2009. Threat-sensitive generalization of predator recognition by amphibians. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 63: 1369-1375.

27.       G.E. Brown, M. Harvey, A. Leduc, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2009. Social context, competitive interactions and the dynamic nature of anti-predator responses of juvenile rainbow trout. Journal of Fish Biology, 75: 552-562.

26.       M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2009. Temporal variability, threat-sensitivity and conflicting information about the nature of risk: understanding the dynamics of tadpole antipredator behaviour. Animal Behaviour, 78: 11-16.

25.       M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2009. Latent inhibition of predator recognition by embryonic amphibians. Biology Letters, 5: 160-162.

24.       A. Mathis, M.C.O. Ferrari, N. Windel, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2008. Learning by embryos and the ghost of predation future. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 275: 2603-2607.

23.       M.C.O. Ferrari, M.A. Vavrek, C.K. Elvidge, D.P Chivers and G.E. Brown. 2008. Sensory complementation and acquired predator recognition by salmonid fishes. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 63: 113-121.

22.       M.C.O. Ferrari, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2008. Larval amphibians learn to match their antipredator response to temporal patterns of risk. Behavioral Ecology, 19: 980-983.

21.       M.C.O. Ferrari, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2008. Can prey exhibit threat-sensitive generalization of predator recognition? Extending the predator recognition continuum hypothesis. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 275: 1811-1816.

20.       M.C.O. Ferrari, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2008. Threat-sensitive learning of predators by larval mosquitoes, Culex restuans. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 62: 1079-1083.

19.       M.C.O. Ferrari, A.C. Rive, G.E. Brown and D.P. Chivers. 2008. Fixed vs. random temporal predictability of predation risk: an extension of the risk allocation hypothesis. Ethology, 114: 238-244.

18.       M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2008. Cultural learning of predators in mixed species assemblages: the effects of tutor to observer ratio. Animal Behaviour, 75: 1921-1925.

17.       D.P. Chivers, X. Zhao, G.E. Brown, T.A. Marchant and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2008. Predator-induced changes in morphology of a prey fish: the effects of food level and temporal frequency of predation risk. Evolutionary Ecology, 22: 561-574.

16.       M.C.O. Ferrari, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2007. Degradation of chemical alarm cues under natural conditions: risk assessment by larval woodfrogs. Chemoecology, 17: 263-266.

15.       M.C.O. Ferrari, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2007. Variable predation risk and the dynamic nature of mosquito antipredator responses. Chemoecology, 17: 223-229.

14.       D.P. Chivers, B.D. Wisenden, C.J. Hindman, T.A. Michalak, R.C. Kusch, S.G.W. Kaminskyj, K.L. Jack, M.C.O. Ferrari, R.J. Pollock, C.F. Halbgewachs, M.S Pollock, S. Alemadi, C.T. James, R.K. Savaloja, C.P. Goater, A. Corwin, R.S. Mirza, J.M. Kiesecker, G.E. Brown, J.C. Adrian, Jr., P.H. Krone, A.R. Blaustein and A. Mathis. 2007. Epidermal ‘alarm substance’ cells of fishes maintained by non-alarm functions: defence against pathogens, parasites and ultraviolet radiation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 274: 2611-2619.

13.       M.C.O. Ferrari, A. Gonzalo, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers, 2007. Generalization of learned predator recognition: an experimental test and framework for future studies. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 274: 1853-1859.

12.       D.P. Chivers, X. Zhao and M.C.O. Ferrari. 2007. Linking morphological and behavioural defences: prey fish detect the morphology of conspecifics in the odour signature of their predators. Ethology, 113: 733-739.

11.       M.C.O. Ferrari, M.R. Brown, M.S. Pollock and D.P. Chivers. 2007. The paradox of risk assessment: comparing responses of fathead minnows to capture-released and diet-released alarm cues from two different predators. Chemoecology, 17: 157-161.

10.       M.C.O. Ferrari, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2007. First documentation of cultural transmission of predator recognition by amphibians. Ethology, 113: 621-627.

9.         G.E. Brown, A.C. Rive, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2006. The dynamic nature of antipredator behaviour: prey fish integrate threat-sensitive antipredator responses within background levels of predation risk. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 61: 9-16.

8.         X. Zhao, M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2006. Threat-sensitive learning of predator odours by a prey fish. Behaviour, 143: 1103-1121.

7.         M.C.O. Ferrari, F. Messier and D.P. Chivers. 2006. The nose knows: minnows determine predator proximity and density through detection of predator odours. Animal Behaviour, 72: 927-932.

6.         R.S. Mirza, M.C.O. Ferrari, J.M. Kiesecker and D.P. Chivers. 2006. Responses of American toad  tadpoles to predation cues: behavioural response thresholds, threat-sensitivity and acquired predation recognition. Behaviour, 143: 877-889.

5.         M.C.O. Ferrari, T. Kapitania-Kwok and D.P. Chivers. 2006. The role of learning in the development of threat-sensitive responses to predator odours. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 60: 522-527.

4.         M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2006. The role of latent inhibition in acquired predator recognition by fathead minnows. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 84: 505-509.

3.         M.C.O. Ferrari and D.P. Chivers. 2006. Learning threat-sensitive predator avoidance: how do fathead minnows incorporate conflicting information? Animal Behaviour, 71: 19-26.

2.         M.C.O. Ferrari, J.J. Trowell, G.E. Brown and D.P. Chivers. 2005. The role of learning in the development of threat-sensitive predator avoidance in fathead minnows. Animal Behaviour, 70: 777-787.

1.         A.O.H.C. Leduc, M.C.O. Ferrari, J.M. Kelly and G.E. Brown. 2004. Learning to recognize novel predators under weakly acidic conditions: the effects of reduced pH on acquired predator recognition by juvenile rainbow trout. Chemoecology, 14: 107-112.