Statistical modeling and prediction of fire spread and smoke propagation. 

Statistical modeling and prediction of power grid fire risks

Inverse problems for source detection. 

Wei, G.Z., Krishnan, V., Xie, Y., Sengupata, M., Zhang, Y.C., Liao, H.T., and Liu, X., (2024), "A Statistical Model for Multi-Source Remote-Sensing Data Streams of Wildfire Aerosols Optical Depth," INFORMS Journal on Data Science, 3, 162-178. Article Link. (also on arXiv: 2206.11766).

Shi, H.Z., Wang, Y.H. and Liu, X. (2025), "Fire-EnSF: Wildfire Spread Data Assimilation using Ensemble Score Filter", arXiv:2510.15954. Article Link.

Liu, X.C., Hwang, Y., Phan, D., Klein, L. Liu, X., Yeo, K., (2025), "Sparse Sensor Allocation for Inverse Problems of Detecting Sparse Leaking Emission Sources", IISE Transactions, arXiv:2509.05559. Article Link.

Wei, G.Z., Liu, X., and Barton, R. (2024), “An extended PDE-based statistical spatio-temporal model that suppresses the Gibbs phenomenon”, Environmetrics, 35, e2831. Article Link.

Liu, X., and Yeo, K.M. (2023), “Inverse Model for Estimating the Initial Condition of Spatio-Temporal Advection-Diffusion Processes”, Technometrics, 65, 432-445. Article Link. code. (also on arXiv: 2302.04134). 

Yeo, K.M., Hwang, Y.D., Liu, X., and Kalagnanam, J. (2019), "Development of hp-inverse model by using generalized polynomial chaos", Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 347, 1-20. Article Link. 

Yeo, K., Hwang, Y., Liu, X. and Kalagnanam, J. (2016), "Stochastic Optimization Algorithm for Inverse Modeling of Air Pollution", Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 61. Article Link. 

Singh, J., Yeo, K., Liu, X., Hosseini, R., and Kalagnanam, J. (2016), "Evaluation of WRF model seasonal forecasts for tropical region of Singapore", Advanced in Science and Research, 12, 69-72. Article Link. 

Liu, X., Yeo, K.M., Hwang, Y.D., Singh, J. and Kalagnanam, J. (2016) "A Statistical Modeling Approach for Air Quality Data Based on Physical Dispersion Processes and Its Application to Ozone Modeling", Annals of Applied Statistics, 10(2), 756-785. Article Link. 

Liu, X., Gopal, V., and Kalagnanam, J. (2018), "A Spatio-Temporal Modeling Framework for Weather Radar Image Data in Tropical Southeast Asia", Annals of Applied Statistics, 12(1), 378–407. Article Link. code. (also available on arXiv:1609.09816).

US Patent 10,607,145: "Detection algorithms for distributed emission sources of abnormal events". (Y HWANG, JR Kalagnanam, X Liu, KM Yeo)

US Patent 9,995,849: "Airborne particulate source detection system" (J Kalagnanam, L Xiao, KM Yeo, Y Zhou)